Adeno-associated virus Rep proteins antagonize phosphatase PP1 to counteract KAP1 repression of the latent viral genome.

Autor:	Smith-Moore S; Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, SE1 9RT London, United Kingdom., Neil SJD; Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, SE1 9RT London, United Kingdom., Fraefel C; Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland., Linden RM; Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, SE1 9RT London, United Kingdom., Bollen M; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium., Rowe HM; Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, WC1E 6BT London, United Kingdom., Henckaerts E; Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, SE1 9RT London, United Kingdom; els.henckaerts@kcl.ac.uk.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A] 2018 Apr 10; Vol. 115 (15), pp. E3529-E3538. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Mar 26.
DOI:	10.1073/pnas.1721883115
Abstrakt:	Adeno-associated virus (AAV) is a small human Dependovirus whose low immunogenicity and capacity for long-term persistence have led to its widespread use as vector for gene therapy. Despite great recent successes in AAV-based gene therapy, further improvements in vector technology may be hindered by an inadequate understanding of various aspects of basic AAV biology. AAV is unique in that its replication is largely dependent on a helper virus and cellular factors. In the absence of helper virus coinfection, wild-type AAV establishes latency through mechanisms that are not yet fully understood. Challenging the currently held model for AAV latency, we show here that the corepressor Krüppel-associated box domain-associated protein 1 (KAP1) binds the latent AAV2 genome at the rep ORF, leading to trimethylation of AAV2-associated histone 3 lysine 9 and that the inactivation of KAP1 repression is necessary for AAV2 reactivation and replication. We identify a viral mechanism for the counteraction of KAP1 in which interference with the KAP1 phosphatase protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) by the AAV2 Rep proteins mediates enhanced phosphorylation of KAP1-S824 and thus relief from KAP1 repression. Furthermore, we show that this phenomenon involves recruitment of the NIPP1 (nuclear inhibitor of PP1)-PP1α holoenzyme to KAP1 in a manner dependent upon the NIPP1 FHA domain, identifying NIPP1 as an interaction partner for KAP1 and shedding light on the mechanism through which PP1 regulates cellular KAP1 activity. Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
Externí odkaz:	Zobrazit plný text záznamu