Variant Angina and Aborted Sudden Cardiac Death.

Autor: Kundu A; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Ave N, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA. amartya.kundu@umassmemorial.org., Vaze A; Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA., Sardar P; Department of Cardiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA., Nagy A; Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA., Aronow WS; Department of Cardiology, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY, USA., Botkin NF; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Ave N, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Current cardiology reports [Curr Cardiol Rep] 2018 Mar 08; Vol. 20 (4), pp. 26. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Mar 08.
DOI: 10.1007/s11886-018-0963-1
Abstrakt: Purpose of Review: Variant angina, which is characterized by recurrent chest pain and transient ECG changes along with angiographic evidence of coronary artery spasm, generally has a favorable prognosis. However, episodes of ischemia caused by vasospasm may lead to potentially life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias and cardiac arrest, even in patients with no history of prior cardiac disease. This review describes the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical spectrum, and management of variant angina, as well as outcomes in patients who present with aborted sudden cardiac death (ASCD).
Recent Findings: Contrary to prior opinions, evidence from recent observational studies indicate that patients with variant angina presenting with ASCD face a worse prognosis than those without this type of presentation. Predictors of ASCD include age, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, family history of sudden cardiac death, multi-vessel spasm, and left anterior descending artery spasm. Medical therapy alone with calcium channel blockers and nitrates may not be sufficiently protective in these patients and there is lack of concrete data on the optimal management strategy. Current guidelines recommend implantable cardiac defibrillator (ICD) therapy in patients who are survivors of cardiac arrest caused by ventricular fibrillation or unstable ventricular tachycardia after reversible causes are excluded, and should strongly be considered in these patients. Although medical therapy is absolutely imperative for patients with variant angina and a history of ASCD, ICD therapy in these patients is justified. Further large-scale studies are required to determine whether ICD therapy can improve survival in this high-risk group of patients.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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