Inflammatory disorders mimicking periprosthetic joint infections may result in false-positive α-defensin.

Autor:	Plate A; Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Stadler L; Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Sutter R; Department of Radiology, University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Anagnostopoulos A; Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Frustaci D; Department of Orthopedics, University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Zbinden R; Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Fucentese SF; Department of Orthopedics, University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Zinkernagel AS; Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Zingg PO; Department of Orthopedics, University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Achermann Y; Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. Electronic address: yvonne.achermann@usz.ch.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases [Clin Microbiol Infect] 2018 Nov; Vol. 24 (11), pp. 1212.e1-1212.e6. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Mar 01.
DOI:	10.1016/j.cmi.2018.02.019
Abstrakt:	Objectives: The antimicrobial peptide α-defensin has recently been introduced as a potential 'single' biomarker with a high sensitivity and specificity for the preoperative diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs). However, most studies assessed the benefits of the test with exclusion of patients with rheumatic diseases. We aimed to evaluate the α-defensin test in a cohort study without exclusion of people with inflammatory diseases. Methods: Between June 2016 and June 2017, we prospectively included cases with a suspected PJI and an available lateral flow test α-defensin (Synovasure ® ) in synovial fluid. We compared the test result to the diagnostic criteria for PJIs published by an International Consensus Group in 2013. Results: We included 109 cases (49 hips, 60 knees) in which preoperative α-defensin tests had been performed. Among these, 20 PJIs (16 hips, four knees) were diagnosed. Preoperative α-defensin tests were positive in 25 cases (22.9%) with a test sensitivity and specificity of 90% and 92.1% (95% CI 68.3%-98.8% and 84.5%-96.8%, respectively), and a high negative predictive value of 97.6% (95% CI 91.7%-99.4%). We interpreted seven α-defensin tests as false positive, mainly in cases with inflammatory rheumatic diseases, including crystal deposition diseases. Conclusions: A negative synovial α-defensin test can reliably rule out a PJI. However, the test can be false positive in conjunction with an underlying non-infectious inflammatory disease. We therefore propose to use the α-defensin test only in combination with Musculoskeletal Infection Society criteria and assessment for crystals in synovial aspirates. (Copyright © 2018 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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