Structure-based discovery of selective positive allosteric modulators of antagonists for the M 2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor.

Autor: Korczynska M; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158., Clark MJ; Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093., Valant C; Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia., Xu J; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China., Moo EV; Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia., Albold S; Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia., Weiss DR; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158., Torosyan H; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158., Huang W; Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305., Kruse AC; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115., Lyda BR; Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093., May LT; Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia., Baltos JA; Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia., Sexton PM; Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia., Kobilka BK; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China.; Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305., Christopoulos A; Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; arthur.christopoulos@monash.edu bshoichet@gmail.com rsunahara@ucsd.edu., Shoichet BK; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158; arthur.christopoulos@monash.edu bshoichet@gmail.com rsunahara@ucsd.edu., Sunahara RK; Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093; arthur.christopoulos@monash.edu bshoichet@gmail.com rsunahara@ucsd.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A] 2018 Mar 06; Vol. 115 (10), pp. E2419-E2428. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Feb 16.
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1718037115
Abstrakt: Subtype-selective antagonists for muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) have long been elusive, owing to the highly conserved orthosteric binding site. However, allosteric sites of these receptors are less conserved, motivating the search for allosteric ligands that modulate agonists or antagonists to confer subtype selectivity. Accordingly, a 4.6 million-molecule library was docked against the structure of the prototypical M 2 mAChR, seeking molecules that specifically stabilized antagonist binding. This led us to identify a positive allosteric modulator (PAM) that potentiated the antagonist N -methyl scopolamine (NMS). Structure-based optimization led to compound '628, which enhanced binding of NMS, and the drug scopolamine itself, with a cooperativity factor (α) of 5.5 and a K B of 1.1 μM, while sparing the endogenous agonist acetylcholine. NMR spectral changes determined for methionine residues reflected changes in the allosteric network. Moreover, '628 slowed the dissociation rate of NMS from the M 2 mAChR by 50-fold, an effect not observed at the other four mAChR subtypes. The specific PAM effect of '628 on NMS antagonism was conserved in functional assays, including agonist stimulation of [ 35 S]GTPγS binding and ERK 1/2 phosphorylation. Importantly, the selective allostery between '628 and NMS was retained in membranes from adult rat hypothalamus and in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, supporting the physiological relevance of this PAM/antagonist approach. This study supports the feasibility of discovering PAMs that confer subtype selectivity to antagonists; molecules like '628 can convert an armamentarium of potent but nonselective GPCR antagonist drugs into subtype-selective reagents, thus reducing their off-target effects.
Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
(Copyright © 2018 the Author(s). Published by PNAS.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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