| Autor: |
Noll LW; Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America., Worley JN; Joint Institute for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition and Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America., Yang X; Joint Institute for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition and Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America., Shridhar PB; Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America., Ludwig JB; Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America., Shi X; Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America., Bai J; Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America., Caragea D; Department of Computing and Information Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America., Meng J; Joint Institute for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition and Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America., Nagaraja TG; Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America. |
| Abstrakt: |
Escherichia coli O103, harbored in the hindgut and shed in the feces of cattle, can be enterohemorrhagic (EHEC), enteropathogenic (EPEC), or putative non-pathotype. The genetic diversity particularly that of virulence gene profiles within O103 serogroup is likely to be broad, considering the wide range in severity of illness. However, virulence descriptions of the E. coli O103 strains isolated from cattle feces have been primarily limited to major genes, such as Shiga toxin and intimin genes. Less is known about the frequency at which other virulence genes exist or about genes associated with the mobile genetic elements of E. coli O103 pathotypes. Our objective was to utilize whole genome sequencing (WGS) to identify and compare major and putative virulence genes of EHEC O103 (positive for Shiga toxin gene, stx1, and intimin gene, eae; n = 43), EPEC O103 (negative for stx1 and positive for eae; n = 13) and putative non-pathotype O103 strains (negative for stx and eae; n = 13) isolated from cattle feces. Six strains of EHEC O103 from human clinical cases were also included. All bovine EHEC strains (43/43) and a majority of EPEC (12/13) and putative non-pathotype strains (12/13) were O103:H2 serotype. Both bovine and human EHEC strains had significantly larger average genome sizes (P < 0.0001) and were positive for a higher number of adherence and toxin-based virulence genes and genes on mobile elements (prophages, transposable elements, and plasmids) than EPEC or putative non-pathotype strains. The genome size of the three pathotypes positively correlated (R2 = 0.7) with the number of genes carried on mobile genetic elements. Bovine strains clustered phylogenetically by pathotypes, which differed in several key virulence genes. The diversity of E. coli O103 pathotypes shed in cattle feces is likely reflective of the acquisition or loss of virulence genes carried on mobile genetic elements. |
