Whole genome sequencing reveals an outbreak of Salmonella Enteritidis associated with reptile feeder mice in the United Kingdom, 2012-2015.

Autor: Kanagarajah S; National Infection Service, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK., Waldram A; Field Epidemiology Services, National Infection Service, Public Health England, UK; European Program for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden., Dolan G; Field Epidemiology Services, National Infection Service, Public Health England, UK; European Program for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden., Jenkins C; National Infection Service, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK. Electronic address: Claire.jenkins@phe.gov.uk., Ashton PM; National Infection Service, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK., Carrion Martin AI; Field Epidemiology Services, National Infection Service, Public Health England, UK; European Program for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden., Davies R; Animal & Plant Health Agency Weybridge, Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK., Frost A; Animal & Plant Health Agency Weybridge, Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK., Dallman TJ; National Infection Service, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK., De Pinna EM; National Infection Service, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK., Hawker JI; Field Epidemiology Services, National Infection Service, Public Health England, UK; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Gastrointestinal Infections, UK., Grant KA; National Infection Service, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Gastrointestinal Infections, UK., Elson R; National Infection Service, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Gastrointestinal Infections, UK.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Food microbiology [Food Microbiol] 2018 May; Vol. 71, pp. 32-38. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Apr 18.
DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2017.04.005
Abstrakt: Analysis of whole genome sequencing data uncovered a previously undetected outbreak of Salmonella Enteritidis that had been on-going for four years. Cases were resident in all countries of the United Kingdom and 40% of the cases were aged less than 11 years old. Initial investigations revealed that 30% of cases reported exposure to pet snakes. A case-control study was designed to test the hypothesis that exposure to reptiles or their feed were risk factors. A robust case-definition, based on the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) profile, increased the power of the analytical study. Following univariable and multivariable analysis, exposure to snakes was the only variable independently associated with infection (Odds ratio 810 95% CI (85-7715) p < 0.001). Isolates of S. Enteritidis belonging to the outbreak profile were recovered from reptile feeder mice sampled at the retail and wholesale level. Control measures included improved public health messaging at point of sale, press releases and engagement with public health and veterinary counterparts across Europe. Mice destined to be fed to reptiles are not regarded as pet food and are not routinely tested for pathogenic bacteria. Routine microbiological testing to ensure feeder mice are free from Salmonella is recommended.
(Crown Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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