Nucleic adaptability of heterokaryons to fungicides in a multinucleate fungus, Sclerotinia homoeocarpa.

Autor: Kessler D; Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States., Sang H; Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States., Bousquet A; Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States., Hulvey JP; Department of Biology, Eastern Connecticut State University, Willimantic, CT 06226, United States., Garcia D; Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States., Rhee S; Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States., Hoshino Y; Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan., Yamada T; Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan., Jung G; Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States; Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan. Electronic address: jung@umass.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Fungal genetics and biology : FG & B [Fungal Genet Biol] 2018 Jun; Vol. 115, pp. 64-77. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Jan 11.
DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2018.01.005
Abstrakt: Sclerotinia homoeocarpa is the causal organism of dollar spot in turfgrasses and is a multinucleate fungus with a history of resistance to multiple fungicide classes. Heterokaryosis gives rise to the coexistence of genetically distinct nuclei within a cell, which contributes to genotypic and phenotypic plasticity in multinucleate fungi. We demonstrate that field isolates, resistant to either a demethylation inhibitor or methyl benzimidazole carbamate fungicide, can form heterokaryons with resistance to each fungicide and adaptability to serial combinations of different fungicide concentrations. Field isolates and putative heterokaryons were assayed on fungicide-amended media for in vitro sensitivity. Shifts in fungicide sensitivity and microsatellite genotypes indicated that heterokaryons could adapt to changes in fungicide pressure. Presence of both nuclei in heterokaryons was confirmed by detection of a single nucleotide polymorphism in the β-tubulin gene, the presence of microsatellite alleles of both field isolates, and the live-cell imaging of two different fluorescently tagged nuclei using laser scanning confocal microscopy. Nucleic adaptability of heterokaryons to fungicides was strongly supported by the visualization of changes in fluorescently labeled nuclei to fungicide pressure. Results from this study suggest that heterokaryosis is a mechanism by which the pathogen adapts to multiple fungicide pressures in the field.
(Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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