| Autor: |
Ludvigsen M; Centre of Autonomous Marine Operations and Systems (AMOS), Department of Marine Technology, Norwegian University of Technology and Science (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.; Departments of Arctic Biology and Technology, University Centre in Svalbard, Longyearbyen, Norway., Berge J; Departments of Arctic Biology and Technology, University Centre in Svalbard, Longyearbyen, Norway.; Centre for Autonomous Operations and Systems, Department of Biology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway.; Department Arctic and Marine Biology, Faculty for Bioscience, Fisheries and Economy, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway., Geoffroy M; Department Arctic and Marine Biology, Faculty for Bioscience, Fisheries and Economy, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.; Centre for Fisheries Ecosystems Research, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's A1C 5R3, Canada., Cohen JH; School of Marine Science and Policy, University of Delaware, Lewes, DE 19958, USA., De La Torre PR; Centre of Autonomous Marine Operations and Systems (AMOS), Department of Marine Technology, Norwegian University of Technology and Science (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway., Nornes SM; Centre of Autonomous Marine Operations and Systems (AMOS), Department of Marine Technology, Norwegian University of Technology and Science (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway., Singh H; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA., Sørensen AJ; Centre of Autonomous Marine Operations and Systems (AMOS), Department of Marine Technology, Norwegian University of Technology and Science (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway., Daase M; Departments of Arctic Biology and Technology, University Centre in Svalbard, Longyearbyen, Norway., Johnsen G; Departments of Arctic Biology and Technology, University Centre in Svalbard, Longyearbyen, Norway.; Centre for Autonomous Operations and Systems, Department of Biology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway. |
| Abstrakt: |
Light is a major cue for nearly all life on Earth. However, most of our knowledge concerning the importance of light is based on organisms' response to light during daytime, including the dusk and dawn phase. When it is dark, light is most often considered as pollution, with increasing appreciation of its negative ecological effects. Using an Autonomous Surface Vehicle fitted with a hyperspectral irradiance sensor and an acoustic profiler, we detected and quantified the behavior of zooplankton in an unpolluted light environment in the high Arctic polar night and compared the results with that from a light-polluted environment close to our research vessels. First, in environments free of light pollution, the zooplankton community is intimately connected to the ambient light regime and performs synchronized diel vertical migrations in the upper 30 m despite the sun never rising above the horizon. Second, the vast majority of the pelagic community exhibits a strong light-escape response in the presence of artificial light, observed down to 100 m. We conclude that artificial light from traditional sampling platforms affects the zooplankton community to a degree where it is impossible to examine its abundance and natural rhythms within the upper 100 m. This study underscores the need to adjust sampling platforms, particularly in dim-light conditions, to capture relevant physical and biological data for ecological studies. It also highlights a previously unchartered susceptibility to light pollution in a region destined to see significant changes in light climate due to a reduced ice cover and an increased anthropogenic activity. |
