Risk factors for mortality of children with zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis in Central Tunisia.

Autor: Ben Helel K; Pediatric Department of University Hospital of Kairouan, Kairouan, Tunisia., Ben Rejeb M; Department of Prevention and Care Safety, University Hospital of Sahloul, Sousse, Tunisia., Habboul Z; Pediatric Department of University Hospital of Kairouan, Kairouan, Tunisia., Khattat N; Pediatric Department of University Hospital of Kairouan, Kairouan, Tunisia., Mejaouel H; Pediatric Department of University Hospital of Kairouan, Kairouan, Tunisia., Said-Latiri H; Department of Prevention and Care Safety, University Hospital of Sahloul, Sousse, Tunisia., Kaabi B; Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia., Zhioua E; Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2017 Dec 29; Vol. 12 (12), pp. e0189725. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Dec 29 (Print Publication: 2017).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189725
Abstrakt: Background: Zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (ZVL) caused by Leishmania infantum is endemic with an epidemiological profile of a paediatric disease in Tunisia. In the context of a high fatality rate, identifying risk factors for in-hospital mortality in children treated for ZVL is of major epidemiological importance.
Design: A retrospective (case-control) study included 230 immuno-competent children diagnosed and confirmed with primary ZVL in the paediatric department of the University Hospital of Kairouan between 2004 and 2014. Forty-seven per cent (47%) were children under 18 months of age, and with a male ⁄ female ratio of 1.01:1.
Results: The overall case-fatality was 6% (n = 14). The risk factors for in-hospital death identified by a multivariate analysis were: bleeding at admission (OR = 25.5, 95% CI: 2.26-287.4; p = 0.009), white cell count less than 4000/mm3 (OR = 5.66, 95% CI: 1.16-27.6; p = 0.032), cytolysis (OR = 28.13, 95% CI: 4.55-173.6; p < 0.001), and delay between onset of symptoms and admission ≥ 15 days (OR = 11, 95% CI: 1.68-72; p = 0.012).
Conclusion: The results strongly suggest that paediatric patients admitted 15 days after onset of symptoms, with bleeding, white cell counts below 4,000/mm3, and cytolysis at admission should be considered severe cases and subsequently, they are at high risk of mortality. A better understanding of factors associated with death of children from ZVL may contribute to decrease mortality.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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