Observed HIV drug resistance associated mutations amongst naïve immunocompetent children in Yaoundé, Cameroon.

Autor:	Ikomey GM; PhD, Center for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases (CSCCD), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, PO Box 8445, Yaoundé, Cameroon., Assoumou MCO; PhD, Center for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases (CSCCD) Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, PO Box 8445, Yaoundé, Cameroon., Gichana JO; BSc, Division of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa., Njenda D; MSc, Division of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa., Mikasi SG; MSc, Division of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa., Mesembe M; BSc, Center for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases (CSCCD) Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, PO Box 8445, Yaoundé, Cameroon., Lyonga E; MSc, Center for the Study and Control of Communicable Diseases (CSCCD) Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, PO Box 8445, Yaoundé, Cameroon., Jacobs GB; PhD, Division of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Germs [Germs] 2017 Dec 05; Vol. 7 (4), pp. 178-185. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Dec 05 (Print Publication: 2017).
DOI:	10.18683/germs.2017.1124
Abstrakt:	Introduction: The emergence of drug resistance mutations (DRMs) has been a major threat for successful lifelong combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), especially for HIV-vertically infected children within the context of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT). This study aimed to evaluate DRMs amongst immune competent treatment-naïve children in Cameroon. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between 2015 and 2016 amongst 55 proxy consented HIV-1 positive children, aged 9 months to 6 years. They were all immune competent, cART naïve and with unknown history of PMTCT. CD4 cell counts and genotypic drug resistance testing were performed using standard methods. Results: Levels of DRMs to protease (PR) inhibitors (PIs), nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and non-NRTIs were 27.6%, 3.7% and 40.7%, respectively. Only minor DRMs were observed for PR. The observed mutations for NRTI were K65R, T215I and K219E (33.0% each) and for NNRTI: V106M, Y181C and Y188H (6.0% each). Only minor accessory mutations were found in the integrase (IN) region. Conclusion: Despite widely available cART we still observe naïve HIV children, especially from the rural communities. We observe that a proportion of study participants had HIV-1 drug resistance associated mutations (RAMs). Data generated could help strengthen the current PMTCT programmes within the country. There is a need to upscale approaches for drug resistance testing for children in Cameroon and many other resource-limited settings. Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest: All authors – none to disclose.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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