Emergence of polymyxin B resistance in a polymyxin B-susceptible KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae causing bloodstream infection in a neutropenic patient during polymyxin B therapy.

Autor: Zavascki AP; Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil., Girardello R; Laboratório Alerta, Division of Infectious Diseases, Departament of Internal Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: raquelgirardello@gmail.com., Magagnin CM; Laboratório de Pesquisa em Resistência Bacteriana (LABRESIS), Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Porto Alegre, Brazil., Antochevis LC; Laboratório de Pesquisa em Resistência Bacteriana (LABRESIS), Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Porto Alegre, Brazil., Maciel RA; Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil., Palmeiro JK; Laboratório Alerta, Division of Infectious Diseases, Departament of Internal Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil., Gales AC; Laboratório Alerta, Division of Infectious Diseases, Departament of Internal Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease [Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis] 2018 Feb; Vol. 90 (2), pp. 134-138. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Oct 19.
DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2017.10.006
Abstrakt: The emergence of resistance to polymyxins in KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates has been a major clinical problem. This study evaluated the molecular mechanisms associated with polymyxin B (PMB) resistance that emerged in a previously PMB-susceptible KPC-2-producing K. pneumoniae during PMB therapy for a bloodstream infection in a neutropenic patient. The first isolate (PMB-susceptible) was obtained while the patient was receiving meropenem and other isolates were recovered from 2 sets of blood cultures in different dates while the patient was receiving PMB therapy (4 of 6 blood cultures bottles yielded isolates with full PMB resistance). The population analysis profile of the first isolate revealed the growth of resistant subpopulations with PFGE profile distinct from the parental isolate but undistinguishable from those obtained in subsequent days under PMB exposure. Resistant subpopulations were obtained from all parental PMB-susceptible and in one PMB-resistant isolate recovered from the patient. The molecular mechanism observed in the hetero-resistant subpopulations (IS1-like in mgrB-promoter region, increased rstB transcription with no mutation and non-identified mechanism) differed from those found in the PMB-resistant isolates, in which no mutation or transcriptional alterations were detected. This study showed that the mechanism of resistance to PMB that emerged during PMB therapy was not related to those observed in subpopulations selected in vitro from PMB-susceptible isolates recovered from the patient. The absence of mutations in the former isolates may be due to adaptive resistance occurred because of sub-optimal PMB levels as well as amikacin and meropenem used in combination.
(Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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