Stenotrophomonas-Like Bacteria Are Widespread Symbionts in Cone Snail Venom Ducts.

Autor:	Torres JP; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, L.S. Skaggs Pharmacy Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA., Tianero MD; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, L.S. Skaggs Pharmacy Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA., Robes JMD; Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines-Diliman, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines., Kwan JC; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, L.S. Skaggs Pharmacy Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA., Biggs JS; University of Guam Marine Laboratory, UOG Station, Mangilao, Guam, USA., Concepcion GP; Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines-Diliman, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines., Olivera BM; Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA., Haygood MG; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, L.S. Skaggs Pharmacy Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA., Schmidt EW; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, L.S. Skaggs Pharmacy Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA ews1@utah.edu.; Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Applied and environmental microbiology [Appl Environ Microbiol] 2017 Nov 16; Vol. 83 (23). Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Nov 16 (Print Publication: 2017).
DOI:	10.1128/AEM.01418-17
Abstrakt:	Cone snails are biomedically important sources of peptide drugs, but it is not known whether snail-associated bacteria affect venom chemistry. To begin to answer this question, we performed 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of eight cone snail species, comparing their microbiomes with each other and with those from a variety of other marine invertebrates. We show that the cone snail microbiome is distinct from those in other marine invertebrates and conserved in specimens from around the world, including the Philippines, Guam, California, and Florida. We found that all venom ducts examined contain diverse 16S rRNA gene sequences bearing closest similarity to Stenotrophomonas bacteria. These sequences represent specific symbionts that live in the lumen of the venom duct, where bioactive venom peptides are synthesized. IMPORTANCE In animals, symbiotic bacteria contribute critically to metabolism. Cone snails are renowned for the production of venoms that are used as medicines and as probes for biological study. In principle, symbiotic bacterial metabolism could either degrade or synthesize active venom components, and previous publications show that bacteria do indeed contribute small molecules to some venoms. Therefore, understanding symbiosis in cone snails will contribute to further drug discovery efforts. Here, we describe an unexpected, specific symbiosis between bacteria and cone snails from around the world. (Copyright © 2017 American Society for Microbiology.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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