A randomised trial of the effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplements on the human intestinal microbiota.

Autor:	Watson H; Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, St James's University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK., Mitra S; Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Leeds General Infirmary, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK., Croden FC; Human Appetite Research Unit (Nutrition and Behaviour Research Group), School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK., Taylor M; Institute of Cancer and Pathology, St James's University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK., Wood HM; Institute of Cancer and Pathology, St James's University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK., Perry SL; Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, St James's University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK., Spencer JA; Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK., Quirke P; Institute of Cancer and Pathology, St James's University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK., Toogood GJ; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK., Lawton CL; Human Appetite Research Unit (Nutrition and Behaviour Research Group), School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK., Dye L; Human Appetite Research Unit (Nutrition and Behaviour Research Group), School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK., Loadman PM; Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK., Hull MA; Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, St James's University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Gut [Gut] 2018 Nov; Vol. 67 (11), pp. 1974-1983. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Sep 26.
DOI:	10.1136/gutjnl-2017-314968
Abstrakt:	Objective: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have anticolorectal cancer (CRC) activity. The intestinal microbiota has been implicated in colorectal carcinogenesis. Dietary omega-3 PUFAs alter the mouse intestinal microbiome compatible with antineoplastic activity. Therefore, we investigated the effect of omega-3 PUFA supplements on the faecal microbiome in middle-aged, healthy volunteers (n=22). Design: A randomised, open-label, cross-over trial of 8 weeks' treatment with 4 g mixed eicosapentaenoic acid/docosahexaenoic acid in two formulations (soft-gel capsules and Smartfish drinks), separated by a 12-week 'washout' period. Faecal samples were collected at five time-points for microbiome analysis by 16S ribosomal RNA PCR and Illumina MiSeq sequencing. Red blood cell (RBC) fatty acid analysis was performed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Results: Both omega-3 PUFA formulations induced similar changes in RBC fatty acid content, except that drinks were associated with a larger, and more prolonged, decrease in omega-6 PUFA arachidonic acid than the capsule intervention (p=0.02). There were no significant changes in α or β diversity, or phyla composition, associated with omega-3 PUFA supplementation. However, a reversible increased abundance of several genera, including Bifidobacterium , Roseburia and Lactobacillus was observed with one or both omega-3 PUFA interventions. Microbiome changes did not correlate with RBC omega-3 PUFA incorporation or development of omega-3 PUFA-induced diarrhoea. There were no treatment order effects. Conclusion: Omega-3 PUFA supplementation induces a reversible increase in several short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria, independently of the method of administration. There is no simple relationship between the intestinal microbiome and systemic omega-3 PUFA exposure. Trial Registration Number: ISRCTN18662143. Competing Interests: Competing interests: MH acts as a consultant advisor for Thetis Pharmaceuticals. (© Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
Externí odkaz:	Zobrazit plný text záznamu