The Jellyfish Cassiopea Exhibits a Sleep-like State.

Autor:	Nath RD; Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute., Bedbrook CN; Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA., Abrams MJ; Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA., Basinger T; Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA., Bois JS; Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA., Prober DA; Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA., Sternberg PW; Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute., Gradinaru V; Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA., Goentoro L; Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA. Electronic address: goentoro@caltech.edu.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Current biology : CB [Curr Biol] 2017 Oct 09; Vol. 27 (19), pp. 2984-2990.e3. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Sep 21.
DOI:	10.1016/j.cub.2017.08.014
Abstrakt:	Do all animals sleep? Sleep has been observed in many vertebrates, and there is a growing body of evidence for sleep-like states in arthropods and nematodes [1-5]. Here we show that sleep is also present in Cnidaria [6-8], an earlier-branching metazoan lineage. Cnidaria and Ctenophora are the first metazoan phyla to evolve tissue-level organization and differentiated cell types, such as neurons and muscle [9-15]. In Cnidaria, neurons are organized into a non-centralized radially symmetric nerve net [11, 13, 15-17] that nevertheless shares fundamental properties with the vertebrate nervous system: action potentials, synaptic transmission, neuropeptides, and neurotransmitters [15-20]. It was reported that cnidarian soft corals [21] and box jellyfish [22, 23] exhibit periods of quiescence, a pre-requisite for sleep-like states, prompting us to ask whether sleep is present in Cnidaria. Within Cnidaria, the upside-down jellyfish Cassiopea spp. displays a quantifiable pulsing behavior, allowing us to perform long-term behavioral tracking. Monitoring of Cassiopea pulsing activity for consecutive days and nights revealed behavioral quiescence at night that is rapidly reversible, as well as a delayed response to stimulation in the quiescent state. When deprived of nighttime quiescence, Cassiopea exhibited decreased activity and reduced responsiveness to a sensory stimulus during the subsequent day, consistent with homeostatic regulation of the quiescent state. Together, these results indicate that Cassiopea has a sleep-like state, supporting the hypothesis that sleep arose early in the metazoan lineage, prior to the emergence of a centralized nervous system. (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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