Combined Prenatal Pesticide Exposure and Folic Acid Intake in Relation to Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Autor: Schmidt RJ; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis School of Medicine , Davis, California, USA.; Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (MIND) Institute, University of California, Davis , Sacramento, California, USA., Kogan V; Division of Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA., Shelton JF; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis School of Medicine , Davis, California, USA., Delwiche L; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis School of Medicine , Davis, California, USA., Hansen RL; Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (MIND) Institute, University of California, Davis , Sacramento, California, USA.; Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, California, USA., Ozonoff S; Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (MIND) Institute, University of California, Davis , Sacramento, California, USA.; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, California, USA., Ma CC; Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA., McCanlies EC; Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA., Bennett DH; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis School of Medicine , Davis, California, USA., Hertz-Picciotto I; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis School of Medicine , Davis, California, USA.; Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (MIND) Institute, University of California, Davis , Sacramento, California, USA., Tancredi DJ; Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, California, USA., Volk HE; Division of Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Environmental health perspectives [Environ Health Perspect] 2017 Sep 08; Vol. 125 (9), pp. 097007. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Sep 08.
DOI: 10.1289/EHP604
Abstrakt: Background: Maternal folic acid (FA) protects against developmental toxicity from certain environmental chemicals.
Objective: We examined combined exposures to maternal FA and pesticides in relation to autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
Methods: Participants were California children born from 2000-2007 who were enrolled in the Childhood Autism Risks from Genetics and the Environment (CHARGE) case-control study at age 2-5 y, were clinically confirmed to have ASD (n=296) or typical development (n=220), and had information on maternal supplemental FA and pesticide exposures. Maternal supplemental FA and household pesticide product use were retrospectively collected in telephone interviews from 2003-2011. High vs. low daily FA intake was dichotomized at 800μg (median). Mothers' addresses were linked to a statewide database of commercial applications to estimate agricultural pesticide exposure.
Results: High FA intake (≥800μg) during the first pregnancy month and no known pesticide exposure was the reference group for all analyses. Compared with this group, ASD was increased in association with <800μg FA and any indoor pesticide exposure {adjusted odds ratio [OR]=2.5 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.3, 4.7]} compared with low FA [OR=1.2 (95% CI: 0.7, 2.2)] or indoor pesticides [OR=1.7 (95% CI: 1.1, 2.8)] alone. ORs for the combination of low FA and regular pregnancy exposure (≥6 mo) to pet pesticides or to outdoor sprays and foggers were 3.9 (95% CI: 1.4, 11.5) and 4.1 (95% CI: 1.7, 10.1), respectively. ORs for low maternal FA and agricultural pesticide exposure 3 mo before or after conception were 2.2 (95% CI: 0.7, 6.5) for chlorpyrifos, 2.3 (95% CI: 0.98, 5.3) for organophosphates, 2.1 (95% CI: 0.9, 4.8) for pyrethroids, and 1.5 (95% CI: 0.5, 4.8) for carbamates. Except for carbamates, these ORs were approximately two times greater than those for either exposure alone or for the expected ORs for combined exposures under multiplicative or additive models.
Conclusions: In this study population, associations between pesticide exposures and ASD were attenuated among those with high versus low FA intake during the first month of pregnancy. Confirmatory and mechanistic studies are needed. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP604.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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