Effects of acarbose on cardiovascular and diabetes outcomes in patients with coronary heart disease and impaired glucose tolerance (ACE): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Autor:	Holman RR; Diabetes Trials Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. Electronic address: rury.holman@dtu.ox.ac.uk., Coleman RL; Diabetes Trials Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Chan JCN; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong., Chiasson JL; Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada., Feng H; Diabetes Trials Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Ge J; Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China., Gerstein HC; Department of Medicine and Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON, Canada., Gray R; MRC Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Huo Y; Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China., Lang Z; Bayer Healthcare Company Ltd, Beijing, China., McMurray JJ; Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK., Rydén L; Department of Medicine K2, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden., Schröder S; Pharma Division, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany., Sun Y; China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China., Theodorakis MJ; Diabetes Trials Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Tendera M; Department of Cardiology and Structural Heart Diseases, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland., Tucker L; Diabetes Trials Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Tuomilehto J; Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait; Department of Neurosciences and Preventive Medicine, Danube-University Krems, Krems, Austria; Chronic Disease Prevention Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland; King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia., Wei Y; Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine of Tongji University, Shanghai, China., Yang W; China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China., Wang D; Tropical Clinical Trials Unit, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK., Hu D; People's Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China., Pan C; Department of Endocrinology, People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology [Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol] 2017 Nov; Vol. 5 (11), pp. 877-886. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Sep 13.
DOI:	10.1016/S2213-8587(17)30309-1
Abstrakt:	Background: The effect of the α-glucosidase inhibitor acarbose on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with coronary heart disease and impaired glucose tolerance is unknown. We aimed to assess whether acarbose could reduce the frequency of cardiovascular events in Chinese patients with established coronary heart disease and impaired glucose tolerance, and whether the incidence of type 2 diabetes could be reduced. Methods: The Acarbose Cardiovascular Evaluation (ACE) trial was a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 4 trial, with patients recruited from 176 hospital outpatient clinics in China. Chinese patients with coronary heart disease and impaired glucose tolerance were randomly assigned (1:1), in blocks by site, by a centralised computer system to receive oral acarbose (50 mg three times a day) or matched placebo, which was added to standardised cardiovascular secondary prevention therapy. All study staff and patients were masked to treatment group allocation. The primary outcome was a five-point composite of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke, hospital admission for unstable angina, and hospital admission for heart failure, analysed in the intention-to-treat population (all participants randomly assigned to treatment who provided written informed consent). The secondary outcomes were a three-point composite outcome (cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and non-fatal stroke), death from any cause, cardiovascular death, fatal or non-fatal myocardial infarction, fatal or non-fatal stroke, hospital admission for unstable angina, hospital admission for heart failure, development of diabetes, and development of impaired renal function. The safety population comprised all patients who received at least one dose of study medication. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00829660, and the International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number registry, number ISRCTN91899513. Findings: Between March 20, 2009, and Oct 23, 2015, 6522 patients were randomly assigned and included in the intention-to-treat population, 3272 assigned to acarbose and 3250 to placebo. Patients were followed up for a median of 5·0 years (IQR 3·4-6·0) in both groups. The primary five-point composite outcome occurred in 470 (14%; 3·33 per 100 person-years) of 3272 acarbose group participants and in 479 (15%; 3·41 per 100 person-years) of 3250 placebo group participants (hazard ratio 0·98; 95% CI 0·86-1·11, p=0·73). No significant differences were seen between treatment groups for the secondary three-point composite outcome, death from any cause, cardiovascular death, fatal or non-fatal myocardial infarction, fatal or non-fatal stroke, hospital admission for unstable angina, hospital admission for heart failure, or impaired renal function. Diabetes developed less frequently in the acarbose group (436 [13%] of 3272; 3·17 per 100 person-years) compared with the placebo group (513 [16%] of 3250; 3·84 per 100 person-years; rate ratio 0·82, 95% CI 0·71-0·94, p=0·005). Gastrointestinal disorders were the most common adverse event associated with drug discontinuation or dose changes (215 [7%] of 3263 patients in the acarbose group vs 150 [5%] of 3241 in the placebo group [p=0·0007]; safety population). Numbers of non-cardiovascular deaths (71 [2%] of 3272 vs 56 [2%] of 3250, p=0·19) and cancer deaths (ten [<1%] of 3272 vs 12 [<1%] of 3250, p=0·08) did not differ between groups. Interpretation: In Chinese patients with coronary heart disease and impaired glucose tolerance, acarbose did not reduce the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events, but did reduce the incidence of diabetes. Funding: Bayer AG. (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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