Direct and indirect impact of 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine introduction on pneumonia hospitalizations and economic burden in all age-groups in Brazil: A time-series analysis.

Autor: Andrade AL; Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil., Afonso ET; Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.; Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.; Department of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil., Minamisava R; School of Nursing, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil., Bierrenbach AL; Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil., Cristo EB; Advisor of the Ministry of Health, Brasilia, Brazil., Morais-Neto OL; Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil., Policena GM; Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil., Domingues CMAS; National Immunization Program, Secretariat for Health Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil., Toscano CM; Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2017 Sep 07; Vol. 12 (9), pp. e0184204. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Sep 07 (Print Publication: 2017).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184204
Abstrakt: Background: Ten-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) was introduced in the National Immunization Program of Brazil in March/2010. Although there are recent reports of PCV10 impact on pneumonia hospitalizations, there is still uncertainty regarding the indirect impact in individuals non-targeted by vaccination. We assessed both direct and indirect effect of PCV10 on pneumonia hospitalizations and the impact on the economic burden of pneumonia hospitalizations.
Methods: An interrupted time-series analysis was conducted considering monthly rates of pneumonia hospitalizations and comparison groups, in all age-groups, from January/2005-December/2015. We used records of the National Hospitalizations Information System. Observed pneumonia rates in the post-vaccination period (2011–2015) were compared to predicted rates, should PCV10 had not been introduced. Relative percent difference in rates and its 95% confidence interval were estimated. The number of pneumonia hospitalizations averted by vaccination was calculated as the difference between the predicted and observed cumulative number of pneumonia hospitalizations in the post-vaccination period. The impact of PCV10 on economic burden was presented as averted costs of pneumonia hospitalization.
Results: Significant decrease in rates of pneumonia hospitalization was observed in both children targeted by vaccination (17.4%–26.5%; p<0.01), and in age-groups not targeted by vaccination (11.1%–27.1%, in individuals 10–49 years; p<0.01). In contrast, PCV10 introduction did not alter the increasing trends in pneumonia hospitalization among elderly ≥65 years. A total of 457,564 pneumonia hospitalizations was averted in Brazil for individuals aged <50 years, with a total averted costs of BRL 383.2 million (Int$ 225.2 million, and USD 147 million) for the 5 year period after PCV introduction.
Conclusion: Vaccination with PCV10 5 years after its introduction in Brazil was associated with a relevant reduction in pneumonia hospitalization in the target age-groups, with an indirect effect in individuals aged 10–49 years, and significant reduction in associated economic burden. The increasing trends in pneumonia hospitalization rates in the elderly is a matter of concern for public health and should be further investigated.
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: