Synchronous volcanic eruptions and abrupt climate change ∼17.7 ka plausibly linked by stratospheric ozone depletion.

Autor:	McConnell JR; Division of Hydrologic Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV 89512; Joe.McConnell@dri.edu., Burke A; School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9AL United Kingdom., Dunbar NW; New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM 87801., Köhler P; Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, 27512 Bremerhaven, Germany., Thomas JL; Sorbonne Université, Pierre and Marie Curie University, Université Versailles St-Quentin, CNRS, Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, 75252 Paris, France., Arienzo MM; Division of Hydrologic Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV 89512., Chellman NJ; Division of Hydrologic Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV 89512., Maselli OJ; Division of Hydrologic Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV 89512., Sigl M; Division of Hydrologic Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV 89512., Adkins JF; Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125., Baggenstos D; Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093., Burkhart JF; Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway., Brook EJ; College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331., Buizert C; College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331., Cole-Dai J; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007., Fudge TJ; Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195., Knorr G; Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, 27512 Bremerhaven, Germany., Graf HF; Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EN United Kingdom., Grieman MM; Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92617., Iverson N; New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM 87801., McGwire KC; Division of Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV 89512., Mulvaney R; British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, CB3 OET United Kingdom., Paris G; Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125., Rhodes RH; College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331.; Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EQ United Kingdom., Saltzman ES; Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92617., Severinghaus JP; Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093., Steffensen JP; Centre for Ice and Climate, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-1017 Denmark., Taylor KC; Division of Hydrologic Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV 89512., Winckler G; Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Earth Institute at Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A] 2017 Sep 19; Vol. 114 (38), pp. 10035-10040. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Sep 05.
DOI:	10.1073/pnas.1705595114
Abstrakt:	Glacial-state greenhouse gas concentrations and Southern Hemisphere climate conditions persisted until ∼17.7 ka, when a nearly synchronous acceleration in deglaciation was recorded in paleoclimate proxies in large parts of the Southern Hemisphere, with many changes ascribed to a sudden poleward shift in the Southern Hemisphere westerlies and subsequent climate impacts. We used high-resolution chemical measurements in the West Antarctic Ice Sheet Divide, Byrd, and other ice cores to document a unique, ∼192-y series of halogen-rich volcanic eruptions exactly at the start of accelerated deglaciation, with tephra identifying the nearby Mount Takahe volcano as the source. Extensive fallout from these massive eruptions has been found >2,800 km from Mount Takahe. Sulfur isotope anomalies and marked decreases in ice core bromine consistent with increased surface UV radiation indicate that the eruptions led to stratospheric ozone depletion. Rather than a highly improbable coincidence, circulation and climate changes extending from the Antarctic Peninsula to the subtropics-similar to those associated with modern stratospheric ozone depletion over Antarctica-plausibly link the Mount Takahe eruptions to the onset of accelerated Southern Hemisphere deglaciation ∼17.7 ka. Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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