The contexts and early Acheulean archaeology of the EF-HR paleo-landscape (Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania).

Autor: de la Torre I; Institute of Archaeology, University College London, 31-34 Gordon Square, WC1H 0PY, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: i.torre@ucl.ac.uk., Albert RM; ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain; ERAAUB, Departament de Historia I Arqueologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Montalegre 6-8, 08001, Barcelona, Spain., Macphail R; Institute of Archaeology, University College London, 31-34 Gordon Square, WC1H 0PY, London, United Kingdom., McHenry LJ; Department of Geosciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3209 N. Maryland Ave., Milwaukee, WI, 53211, USA., Pante MC; Department of Anthropology, Colorado State University, 1787 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA., Rodríguez-Cintas Á; ERAAUB, Departament de Historia I Arqueologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Montalegre 6-8, 08001, Barcelona, Spain., Stanistreet IG; Department of Earth, Ocean and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Brownlow Street, Liverpool, L69 3GP, United Kingdom; Stone Age Institute, 1392 W Dittemore Road, Gosport, IN, 47433, USA., Stollhofen H; GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schloßgarten 5, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of human evolution [J Hum Evol] 2018 Jul; Vol. 120, pp. 274-297. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Aug 07.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2017.06.012
Abstrakt: Renewed fieldwork at the early Acheulean site of EF-HR (Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania) has included detailed stratigraphic studies of the sequence, extended excavations in the main site, and has placed eleven additional trenches within an area of nearly 1 km 2 , to sample the same stratigraphic interval as in the main trench across the broader paleo-landscape. Our new stratigraphic work suggests that EF-HR is positioned higher in the Bed II sequence than previously proposed, which has implications for the age of the site and its stratigraphic correlation to other Olduvai Middle Bed II sites. Geological research shows that the main EF-HR site was situated at the deepest part of an incised valley formed through river erosion. Archaeological excavations at the main site and nearby trenches have unearthed a large new assemblage, with more than 3000 fossils and artefacts, including a hundred handaxes in stratigraphic position. In addition, our test-trenching approach has detected conspicuous differences in the density of artefacts across the landscape, with a large cluster of archaeological material in and around the main trench, and less intense human activity at the same level in the more distant satellite trenches. All of these aspects are discussed in this paper in the light of site formation processes, behavioral contexts, and their implications for our understanding of the early Acheulean at Olduvai Gorge.
(Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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