How temporal patterns in rainfall determine the geomorphology and carbon fluxes of tropical peatlands.

Autor:	Cobb AR; Center for Environmental Sensing and Modeling, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, 138602 Singapore; alex.cobb@smart.mit.edu., Hoyt AM; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139., Gandois L; Laboratoire Écologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France., Eri J; Forestry Department, Ministry of Industry and Primary Resources, Jalan Menteri Besar, Bandar Seri Begawan BB3910, Brunei Darussalam., Dommain R; Department of Anthropology, Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC 20560.; Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany., Abu Salim K; Biology Programme, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Bandar Seri Begawan BE1410, Brunei Darussalam., Kai FM; Center for Environmental Sensing and Modeling, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, 138602 Singapore., Haji Su'ut NS; Brunei Darussalam Heart of Borneo Centre, Ministry of Industry and Primary Resources, Jalan Menteri Besar, Bandar Seri Begawan BB3910, Brunei Darussalam., Harvey CF; Center for Environmental Sensing and Modeling, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, 138602 Singapore.; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A] 2017 Jun 27; Vol. 114 (26), pp. E5187-E5196. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Jun 12.
DOI:	10.1073/pnas.1701090114
Abstrakt:	Tropical peatlands now emit hundreds of megatons of carbon dioxide per year because of human disruption of the feedbacks that link peat accumulation and groundwater hydrology. However, no quantitative theory has existed for how patterns of carbon storage and release accompanying growth and subsidence of tropical peatlands are affected by climate and disturbance. Using comprehensive data from a pristine peatland in Brunei Darussalam, we show how rainfall and groundwater flow determine a shape parameter (the Laplacian of the peat surface elevation) that specifies, under a given rainfall regime, the ultimate, stable morphology, and hence carbon storage, of a tropical peatland within a network of rivers or canals. We find that peatlands reach their ultimate shape first at the edges of peat domes where they are bounded by rivers, so that the rate of carbon uptake accompanying their growth is proportional to the area of the still-growing dome interior. We use this model to study how tropical peatland carbon storage and fluxes are controlled by changes in climate, sea level, and drainage networks. We find that fluctuations in net precipitation on timescales from hours to years can reduce long-term peat accumulation. Our mathematical and numerical models can be used to predict long-term effects of changes in temporal rainfall patterns and drainage networks on tropical peatland geomorphology and carbon storage. Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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