| Autor: |
Poh AH; Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.; Centre of Research in Applied Electronics, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Moghavvemi M; Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.; Centre of Research in Applied Electronics, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.; University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran., Shafiei MM; Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.; Centre of Research in Applied Electronics, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Leong CS; Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Lau YL; Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Mahamd Adikan FR; Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Bakhtiari M; Faculty of Computing, University Technology Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia., Abdulla Hassan MA; Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. |
| Abstrakt: |
There are many products claiming to be an electronic solution towards repelling mosquitoes. Several reviews were published in debunking these claims. However, there is a lack of a systematic study on effects of electromagnetic (EM) or more specifically, radio frequency (RF) waves against mosquitoes due to the conclusions made in those years. Therefore, we attempt to establish a fundamental study on female Aedes Aegypti (Linnaeus) mosquitoes by quantifying the collective behavior of the mosquitoes against a continuous stream of low-powered RF signals via a broadband horn antenna using image processing methods. By examining the average lateral and vertical positions of the mosquitoes versus frequency and time, the data shows negligible consistency in the reactions of the mosquitoes toward the different frequencies ranging from 10 to 20,000.00 MHz, with a step of 10 MHz. This was done by examining 33 hours of spatiotemporal data, which was divided into three sessions. All three sessions showed totally different convolutions in the positions in arbitrary units based on the raster scan of the image processing output. Several frequencies apparently showed up to 0.2-70% shift in both lateral and vertical components along the spectrum, without repeatability for all three sessions. This study contributes to the following: A pilot study for establishing the collective effects of RF against mosquitoes, open-source use, and finally a low-cost and easily adaptable platform for the study of EM effects against any insects. |
