| Autor: |
Fluegge KR; Department of Agricultural, Environmental, and Development Economics, College of Food, Agriculture and Environmental Sciences.; Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.; Institute for Health and Environmental Research, Cleveland, OH 44118, USA.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106 USA (current affiliation)., Nishioka M; Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, OH 43201.; Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210., Wilkins JR 3rd; Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. |
| Abstrakt: |
Both prenatal organophosphate (OP) and pyrethroid (PYRE) insecticide exposures have been inconsistently linked with poorer neurodevelopmental outcomes. However, given that neither exposure occurs in isolation, and both classes are neurotoxic, it is important to consider both classes when evaluating these outcomes. Employing biomarkers of pesticide exposure, this research describes the effects of prenatal urinary metabolite levels of PYRE and OP insecticides, measured in both the second and third trimesters of pregnancy and postnatal urinary metabolite levels measured at 2 months of age, on child neurodevelopment at three months of age. Neurodevelopmental data were obtained by administration of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II (BSID-II). Generalized linear models using maximum likelihood estimation were used to evaluate the relationship between the indicators of motor and mental neurobehavioral development obtained for 118 infants and prenatal insecticide exposure, accounting for the concurrent infant insecticide exposure. Urinary measures of the PYRE metabolites 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3PBA) and trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2 dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (trans-DCCA) in the third trimester of pregnancy had significant, albeit opposite, effects on mental functioning at three months of age. We observed no significant ( p < 0.05) effects on motor development. These results were robust to second month infant urine measures of 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (metabolite of OP chlorpyrifos), which independently had a significant and negative influence on mental functioning. Prenatal PYRE exposures exert heterogeneous effects by class on mental, but not motor, functioning at three months of age. |
