Immunomodulatory Effect of G2013 (α-L-Guluronic Acid) on the TLR2 and TLR4 in Human Mononuclear Cells.

Autor:	Sharifi L; Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran and Uro-Oncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Mohsenzadegan M; Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Aghamohammadi A; Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran and Uro-Oncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases Network (PIDNet), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran., Rezaei N; Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran and Uro-Oncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Sheffield, United Kingdom., Zavareh FT; Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran and Uro-Oncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Bokaie S; Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran., Moshiri M; Department of Microbiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Aghazadeh Z; Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Norouzbabaie Z; Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Azizi G; Non_Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran., Mirshafiey A; Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Current drug discovery technologies [Curr Drug Discov Technol] 2018; Vol. 15 (2), pp. 123-131.
DOI:	10.2174/1570163814666170605111331
Abstrakt:	Background: Inhibition of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) signaling has been established as a new method for the development of anti-inflammatory drugs instead of NSAIDs (non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs). Since the immunomodulatory role of G2013 (α-L-Guluronic acid) was reported in some recent experiments, we decided to assess the effects of G2013 on the protein expression of TLR2 and TLR4, their downstream signaling cascade, and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Methods: After blood sampling from 16 healthy donors, PBMCs were isolated and treated with/without lipopolysaccharide (LPS), lipopolyteichoic acid (LTA), and G2013. Flow cytometry was done for detecting the protein expression of TLR2 and TLR4. MyD88, IκB, Tollip, and NF-κB mRNA expression were assessed by realtime PCR. ELISA was performed for assessing the concentration of IL-1β and IL-6. Results: G2013 at a concentration of 25 µg/mL (high dose) significantly downregulated NF-κB, IκB and MyD88 mRNA expression and suppressed the secretion of IL-1β by PBMCs. The findings indicate that G2013 may exert its regulatory effect under normal condition via Tollip in a dose dependence pathway. Our results demonstrated that G2013 had no profound impact on the protein expression of TLR2 and TLR4. Conclusion: In conclusion, our findings point to the immunomodulatory effect of G2013 on the TLR2 and TLR4 signaling cascade and cytokine production by PBMCs. These findings could lead to an establishment of new safe anti-inflammatory drugs in the future. (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.org.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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