Effects of silver adsorbed on fumed silica, silver phosphate glass, bentonite organomodified with silver and titanium dioxide in aquatic indicator organisms.

Autor: Tomacheski D; Department of Materials Engineering, Laboratory of Polymers - LAPOL, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91501-970, Brazil; Softer Brasil Compostos Termoplásticos, Campo Bom 93700-000, Brazil. Electronic address: daitomacheski@gmail.com., Pittol M; Softer Brasil Compostos Termoplásticos, Campo Bom 93700-000, Brazil., Simões DN; Department of Materials Engineering, Laboratory of Polymers - LAPOL, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91501-970, Brazil; Softer Brasil Compostos Termoplásticos, Campo Bom 93700-000, Brazil., Ribeiro VF; Department of Materials Engineering, Laboratory of Polymers - LAPOL, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91501-970, Brazil; Softer Brasil Compostos Termoplásticos, Campo Bom 93700-000, Brazil., Santana RMC; Department of Materials Engineering, Laboratory of Polymers - LAPOL, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91501-970, Brazil.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of environmental sciences (China) [J Environ Sci (China)] 2017 Jun; Vol. 56, pp. 230-239. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Oct 29.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2016.07.018
Abstrakt: In order to reduce the level of transmission of diseases caused by bacteria and fungi, the development of antimicrobial additives for use in personal care, hygiene products, clothing and others has increased. Many of these additives are based on metals such as silver and titanium. The disposal of these products in the environment has raised concerns pertaining to their potential harmfulness for beneficial organisms. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the shape, surface chemistry, size and carrier of three additives containing silver and one with titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) on microcrustacean survival. Daphnia magna was used as a bioindicator for acute exposure test in suspensions from 0.0001 to 10,000ppm. Ceriodaphnia dubia was used for chronic test in TiO 2 suspensions from 0.001 to 100ppm. D. magna populations presented high susceptibility to all silver based additives, with 100% mortality after 24hr of exposure. A different result was found in the acute experiments containing TiO 2 suspensions, with mortality rates only after 48hr of incubation. Even on acute and chronic tests, TiO 2 did not reach a linear concentration-response versus mortality, with 1ppm being more toxic than 10,000ppm on acute test and 0.001 more toxic than 0.01ppm on chronic assay. Silver based material toxicity was attributed to silver itself, and had no relation to either form (nano or ion) or carrier (silica, phosphate glass or bentonite). TiO 2 demonstrated to have a low acute toxicity against D. magna.
(Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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