Does coffee consumption impact on heaviness of smoking?

Autor:	Ware JJ; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, (IEU) at the University of Bristol, UK.; UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, UK.; School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, UK., Tanner JA; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada.; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada., Taylor AE; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, (IEU) at the University of Bristol, UK.; UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, UK.; School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, UK., Bin Z; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada.; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada., Haycock P; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, (IEU) at the University of Bristol, UK.; School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, UK., Bowden J; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, (IEU) at the University of Bristol, UK.; School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, UK.; MRC Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge, UK., Rogers PJ; School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, UK., Davey Smith G; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, (IEU) at the University of Bristol, UK.; School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, UK., Tyndale RF; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada.; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada., Munafò MR; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, (IEU) at the University of Bristol, UK.; UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, UK.; School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, UK.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Addiction (Abingdon, England) [Addiction] 2017 Oct; Vol. 112 (10), pp. 1842-1853. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Jul 12.
DOI:	10.1111/add.13888
Abstrakt:	Background and Aims: Coffee consumption and cigarette smoking are strongly associated, but whether this association is causal remains unclear. We sought to: (1) determine whether coffee consumption influences cigarette smoking causally, (2) estimate the magnitude of any association and (3) explore potential mechanisms. Design: We used Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses of observational data, using publicly available summarized data from the Tobacco and Genetics (TAG) consortium, individual-level data from the UK Biobank and in-vitro experiments of candidate compounds. Setting: The TAG consortium includes data from studies in several countries. The UK Biobank includes data from men and women recruited across England, Wales and Scotland. Participants: The TAG consortium provided data on n ≤ 38 181 participants. The UK Biobank provided data on 8072 participants. Measurements: In MR analyses, the exposure was coffee consumption (cups/day) and the outcome was heaviness of smoking (cigarettes/day). In our in-vitro experiments we assessed the effect of caffeic acid, quercetin and p-coumaric acid on the rate of nicotine metabolism in human liver microsomes and cDNA-expressed human CYP2A6. Findings: Two-sample MR analyses of TAG consortium data indicated that heavier coffee consumption might lead to reduced heaviness of smoking [beta = -1.49, 95% confidence interval (CI) = -2.88 to -0.09]. However, in-vitro experiments found that the compounds investigated are unlikely to inhibit significantly the rate of nicotine metabolism following coffee consumption. Further MR analyses in UK Biobank found no evidence of a causal relationship between coffee consumption and heaviness of smoking (beta = 0.20, 95% CI = -1.72 to 2.12). Conclusions: Amount of coffee consumption is unlikely to have a major causal impact upon amount of cigarette smoking. If it does influence smoking, this is not likely to operate via effects of caffeic acid, quercetin or p-coumaric acid on nicotine metabolism. The observational association between coffee consumption and cigarette smoking may be due to smoking impacting on coffee consumption or confounding. (© 2017 The Authors. Addiction published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society for the Study of Addiction.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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