A Conserved Role for VEGF Signaling in Specification of Homologous Mesenchymal Cell Types Positioned at Spatially Distinct Developmental Addresses in Early Development of Sea Urchins.

Autor: Erkenbrack EM; Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California.; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut., Petsios E; Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution [J Exp Zool B Mol Dev Evol] 2017 Jul; Vol. 328 (5), pp. 423-432. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 May 23.
DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.22743
Abstrakt: Comparative studies of early development in echinoderms are revealing the tempo and mode of alterations to developmental gene regulatory networks and to the cell types they specify. In euechinoid sea urchins, skeletogenic mesenchyme (SM) ingresses prior to gastrulation at the vegetal pole and aligns into a ring-like array with two bilateral pockets of cells, the sites where spiculogenesis will later occur. In cidaroid sea urchins, the anciently diverged sister clade to euechinoid sea urchins, a homologous SM cell type ingresses later in development, after gastrulation has commenced, and consequently at a distinct developmental address. Thus, a heterochronic shift of ingression of the SM cell type occurred in one of the echinoid lineages. In euechinoids, specification and migration of SM are facilitated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling. We describe spatiotemporal expression of vegf and vegfr and experimental manipulations targeting VEGF signaling in the cidaroid Eucidaris tribuloides. Spatially, vegf and vegfr mRNA localizes similarly as in euechinoids, suggesting conserved deployment in echinoids despite their spatially distinct development addresses of ingression. Inhibition of VEGF signaling in E. tribuloides suggests its role in SM specification is conserved in echinoids. Temporal discrepancies between the onset of vegf expression and SM ingression likely result in previous observations of SM "random wandering" behavior. Our results indicate that, although the SM cell type in echinoids ingresses into distinct developmental landscapes, it retains a signaling mechanism that restricts their spatial localization to a conserved developmental address where spiculogenesis later occurs.
(© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: