Impact of lifelong exercise training on endothelial ischemia-reperfusion and ischemic preconditioning in humans.

Autor:	Maessen MFH; Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands., van Mil ACCM; Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.; Research Institute for Sports and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom., Straathof Y; Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands., Riksen NP; Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; and., Rongen GAPJM; Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; and.; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands., Hopman MTE; Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands., Eijsvogels TMH; Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.; Research Institute for Sports and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom., Thijssen DHJ; Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; dick.thijssen@radboudumc.nl.; Research Institute for Sports and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology [Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol] 2017 May 01; Vol. 312 (5), pp. R828-R834. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Mar 15.
DOI:	10.1152/ajpregu.00466.2016
Abstrakt:	Reperfusion is essential for ischemic tissue survival, but causes additional damage to the endothelium [i.e., ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury]. Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) refers to short repetitive episodes of ischemia that can protect against I/R. However, IPC efficacy attenuates with older age. Whether physical inactivity contributes to the attenuated efficacy of IPC to protect against I/R injury in older humans is unclear. We tested the hypotheses that lifelong exercise training relates to 1 ) attenuated endothelial I/R and 2 ) maintained IPC efficacy that protects veteran athletes against endothelial I/R. In 18 sedentary male individuals (SED, <1 exercise h/wk for >20 yr, 63 ± 7 yr) and 20 veteran male athletes (ATH, >5 exercise h/wk for >20 yr, 63 ± 6 yr), we measured brachial artery endothelial function with flow-mediated dilation (FMD) before and after I/R. We induced I/R by 20 min of ischemia followed by 20 min of reperfusion. Randomized over 2 days, participants underwent either 35-min rest or IPC (3 cycles of 5-min cuff inflation to 220 mmHg with 5 min of rest) before I/R. In SED, FMD decreased after I/R [median (interquartile range)]: [3.0% (2.0-4.7) to 2.1% (1.5-3.9), P = 0.046] and IPC did not prevent this decline [4.1% (2.6-5.2) to 2.8% (2.2-3.6), P = 0.012]. In ATH, FMD was preserved after I/R [3.0% (1.7-5.4) to 3.0% (1.9-4.1), P = 0.82] and when IPC preceded I/R [3.2% (1.9-4.2) to 2.8% (1.4-4.6), P = 0.18]. These findings indicate that lifelong exercise training is associated with increased tolerance against endothelial I/R. These protective, preconditioning effects of lifelong exercise against endothelial I/R may contribute to the cardioprotective effects of exercise training. (Copyright © 2017 the American Physiological Society.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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