Prevalence of Trachoma in Kano State, Nigeria: Results of 44 Local Government Area-Level Surveys.

Autor: Mpyet C; a Department of Ophthalmology , University of Jos , Jos , Nigeria.; b Sightsavers , Kaduna , Nigeria., Muhammad N; c Department of Ophthalmology , Usman Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital , Sokoto , Nigeria., Adamu MD; c Department of Ophthalmology , Usman Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital , Sokoto , Nigeria., Muazu H; d Ministry of Health , Kaduna State , Nigeria., Umar MM; e National Eye Center , Kaduna , Nigeria., Goyol M; f Netherlands Leprosy Relief , Jos , Nigeria., Yahaya HB; g Department of Ophthalmology , Murtala Mohammed Specialist Hospital , Kano , Nigeria., Onyebuchi U; h National Trachoma Control Program, Department of Public Health , Federal Ministry of Health , Abuja , Nigeria., Ogoshi C; i Vision2020 Support Programme , Jos , Nigeria., Hussaini T; j Kano State Ministry of Health , Kano , Nigeria., Isiyaku S; b Sightsavers , Kaduna , Nigeria., William A; b Sightsavers , Kaduna , Nigeria., Flueckiger RM; k Task Force for Global Health , Decatur , GA , USA., Chu BK; k Task Force for Global Health , Decatur , GA , USA., Willis R; k Task Force for Global Health , Decatur , GA , USA., Pavluck AL; k Task Force for Global Health , Decatur , GA , USA., Olobio N; h National Trachoma Control Program, Department of Public Health , Federal Ministry of Health , Abuja , Nigeria., Phelan S; l Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases , World Health Organization , Geneva , Switzerland., Macleod C; m Clinical Research Department , London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine , London , UK., Solomon AW; l Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases , World Health Organization , Geneva , Switzerland.; m Clinical Research Department , London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine , London , UK.; n London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research , London , UK.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Ophthalmic epidemiology [Ophthalmic Epidemiol] 2017 Jun; Vol. 24 (3), pp. 195-203. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Feb 28.
DOI: 10.1080/09286586.2016.1265657
Abstrakt: Purpose: We sought to determine the prevalence of trachoma in 44 Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Kano State, Nigeria.
Methods: A population-based prevalence survey was conducted in each Kano LGA. We used a two-stage systematic and quasi-random sampling strategy to select 25 households from each of 25 clusters in each LGA. All consenting household residents aged 1 year and above were examined for trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF), trachomatous inflammation-intense (TI) and trichiasis.
Results: State-wide crude prevalence of TF in persons aged 1-9 years was 3.4% (95% CI 3.3-3.5%), and of trichiasis in those aged ≥15 years was 2.3% (95% CI 2.1-2.4%). LGA-level age- and sex-adjusted trichiasis prevalence in those aged ≥15 years ranged from 0.1% to 2.9%. All but 4 (9%) of 44 LGAs had trichiasis prevalences in adults above the elimination threshold of 0.2%. State-wide prevalence of trichiasis in adult women was significantly higher than in adult men (2.6% vs 1.8%; OR = 1.5, 95% CI 1.3-1.7; p = 0.001). Four of 44 LGAs had TF prevalences in 1-9-year-olds between 10 and 15%, while another six LGAs had TF prevalences between 5 and 9.9%. In 37 LGAs, >80% of households had access to water within 30 minutes round-trip, but household latrine access was >80% in only 19 LGAs.
Conclusion: Trichiasis is a public health problem in most LGAs in Kano. Surgeons need to be trained and deployed to provide community-based trichiasis surgery, with emphasis on delivery of such services to women. Antibiotics, facial cleanliness and environmental improvement are needed in 10 LGAs.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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