| Autor: |
Reeve W; School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia., van Berkum P; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soybean Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Bldg. 006, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA., Ardley J; School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia., Tian R; School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia., Gollagher M; Curtin University Sustainability Policy Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA Australia., Marinova D; Curtin University Sustainability Policy Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA Australia., Elia P; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soybean Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Bldg. 006, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA., Reddy TBK; DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA USA., Pillay M; Biological Data Management and Technology Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA USA., Varghese N; DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA USA., Seshadri R; DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA USA., Ivanova N; DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA USA., Woyke T; DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA USA., Baeshen MN; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia., Baeshen NA; Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia., Kyrpides N; DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA USA.; Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. |
| Abstrakt: |
Bradyrhizobium elkanii USDA 76 T (INSCD = ARAG00000000), the type strain for Bradyrhizobium elkanii , is an aerobic, motile, Gram-negative, non-spore-forming rod that was isolated from an effective nitrogen-fixing root nodule of Glycine max (L. Merr) grown in the USA. Because of its significance as a microsymbiont of this economically important legume, B. elkanii USDA 76 T was selected as part of the DOE Joint Genome Institute 2010 Genomic Encyclopedia for Bacteria and Archaea-Root Nodule Bacteria sequencing project. Here the symbiotic abilities of B. elkanii USDA 76 T are described, together with its genome sequence information and annotation. The 9,484,767 bp high-quality draft genome is arranged in 2 scaffolds of 25 contigs, containing 9060 protein-coding genes and 91 RNA-only encoding genes. The B. elkanii USDA 76 T genome contains a low GC content region with symbiotic nod and fix genes, indicating the presence of a symbiotic island integration. A comparison of five B. elkanii genomes that formed a clique revealed that 356 of the 9060 protein coding genes of USDA 76 T were unique, including 22 genes of an intact resident prophage. A conserved set of 7556 genes were also identified for this species, including genes encoding a general secretion pathway as well as type II, III, IV and VI secretion system proteins. The type III secretion system has previously been characterized as a host determinant for Rj and/or rj soybean cultivars. Here we show that the USDA 76 T genome contains genes encoding all the type III secretion system components, including a translocon complex protein NopX required for the introduction of effector proteins into host cells. While many bradyrhizobial strains are unable to nodulate the soybean cultivar Clark ( rj1 ), USDA 76 T was able to elicit nodules on Clark ( rj1 ), although in reduced numbers, when plants were grown in Leonard jars containing sand or vermiculite. In these conditions, we postulate that the presence of NopX allows USDA 76 T to introduce various effector molecules into this host to enable nodulation. |
