Adapting Nepal's polio eradication programme.

Autor: Paudel KP; Government of Nepal Ministry of Health and Population, Kathmandu, Nepal ., Hampton LM; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, United States of America (USA)., Gurung S; World Health Organization Expanded Programme on Immunization, Regional Office of the Western Pacific, PO Box 2932, 1000 Manila, Philippines ., Bohara R; World Health Organization Expanded Programme on Immunization, Regional Office of the Western Pacific, PO Box 2932, 1000 Manila, Philippines ., Rai IK; World Health Organization Expanded Programme on Immunization, Regional Office of the Western Pacific, PO Box 2932, 1000 Manila, Philippines ., Anaokar S; The Boston Consulting Group, Boston, USA ., Swift RD; The Boston Consulting Group, Boston, USA ., Cochi S; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, United States of America (USA).
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Bulletin of the World Health Organization [Bull World Health Organ] 2017 Mar 01; Vol. 95 (3), pp. 227-232. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Nov 25.
DOI: 10.2471/BLT.16.173674
Abstrakt: Problem: Many countries have weak disease surveillance and immunization systems. The elimination of polio creates an opportunity to use staff and assets from the polio eradication programme to control other vaccine-preventable diseases and improve disease surveillance and immunization systems.
Approach: In 2003, the active surveillance system of Nepal's polio eradication programme began to report on measles and neonatal tetanus cases. Japanese encephalitis and rubella cases were added to the surveillance system in 2004. Staff from the programme aided the development and implementation of government immunization policies, helped launch vaccination campaigns, and trained government staff in reporting practices and vaccine management.
Local Setting: Nepal eliminated indigenous polio in 2000, and controlled outbreaks caused by polio importations between 2005 and 2010.
Relevant Changes: In 2014, the surveillance activities had expanded to 299 sites, with active surveillance for measles, rubella and neonatal tetanus, including weekly visits from 15 surveillance medical officers. Sentinel surveillance for Japanese encephalitis consisted of 132 sites. Since 2002, staff from the eradication programme have helped to introduce six new vaccines and helped to secure funding from Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance. Staff have also assisted in responding to other health events in the country.
Lesson Learnt: By expanding the activities of its polio eradication programme, Nepal has improved its surveillance and immunization systems and increased vaccination coverage of other vaccine-preventable diseases. Continued donor support, a close collaboration with the Expanded Programme on Immunization, and the retention of the polio eradication programme's skilled workforce were important for this expansion.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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