| Autor: |
Baker JM; Division of Natural Sciences, Indiana Wesleyan University, Marion, IN 46953, USA. jenn.baker@myemail.indwes.edu., Riester CJ; Division of Natural Sciences, Indiana Wesleyan University, Marion, IN 46953, USA. carliriester@gmail.com., Skinner BM; Division of Natural Sciences, Indiana Wesleyan University, Marion, IN 46953, USA. blair.skinner@myemail.indwes.edu., Newell AW; Division of Natural Sciences, Indiana Wesleyan University, Marion, IN 46953, USA. austinwayne.newell@gmail.com., Swingley WD; Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA. wswingley@niu.edu., Madigan MT; Department of Microbiology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA. madigan@siu.edu., Jung DO; Department of Microbiology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA. debjung@siu.edu., Asao M; Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. marie.asao@gmail.com., Chen M; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia. min.chen@sydney.edu.au., Loughlin PC; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia. patftct@gmail.com., Pan H; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia. dylanwind@gmail.com., Lin Y; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia. ylin2801@uni.sydney.edu.au., Li Y; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia. Yaqiong.li@sydney.edu.au., Shaw J; Departments of Biology and Chemistry, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA. jacobsshaw@gmail.com., Prado M; Departments of Biology and Chemistry, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA. mcpty5@gmail.com., Sherman C; Departments of Biology and Chemistry, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA. shermanc@wustl.edu., Tang JK; Departments of Biology and Chemistry, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA. Joseph.Tang.ctr@us.af.mil., Blankenship RE; Departments of Biology and Chemistry, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA. blankenship@wustl.edu., Zhao T; School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA. tgtg.zhao@gmail.com., Touchman JW; School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA. jeffrey.touchman@monsanto.com., Sattley WM; Division of Natural Sciences, Indiana Wesleyan University, Marion, IN 46953, USA. matthew.sattley@indwes.edu. |
| Abstrakt: |
Rhodoferax antarcticus is an Antarctic purple nonsulfur bacterium and the only characterized anoxygenic phototroph that grows best below 20 °C. We present here a high-quality draft genome of Rfx. antarcticus strain ANT.BR T , isolated from an Antarctic microbial mat. The circular chromosome (3.8 Mbp) of Rfx. antarcticus has a 59.1% guanine + cytosine (GC) content and contains 4036 open reading frames. In addition, the bacterium contains a sizable plasmid (198.6 kbp, 48.4% GC with 226 open reading frames) that comprises about 5% of the total genetic content. Surprisingly, genes encoding light-harvesting complexes 1 and 3 (LH1 and LH3), but not light-harvesting complex 2 (LH2), were identified in the photosynthesis gene cluster of the Rfx. antarcticus genome, a feature that is unique among purple phototrophs. Consistent with physiological studies that showed a strong capacity for nitrogen fixation in Rfx. antarcticus , a nitrogen fixation gene cluster encoding a molybdenum-type nitrogenase was present, but no alternative nitrogenases were identified despite the cold-active phenotype of this phototroph. Genes encoding two forms of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase were present in the Rfx. antarcticus genome, a feature that likely provides autotrophic flexibility under varying environmental conditions. Lastly, genes for assembly of both type IV pili and flagella are present, with the latter showing an unusual degree of clustering. This report represents the first genomic analysis of a psychrophilic anoxygenic phototroph and provides a glimpse of the genetic basis for maintaining a phototrophic lifestyle in a permanently cold, yet highly variable, environment. |
