Study of clinical, haematological and cytogenetic profile of patients with acute erythroid leukaemia.

Autor: Linu JA; Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru 560029, India., Udupa MN; Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru 560029, India., Madhumathi DS; Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru 560029, India., Lakshmaiah KC; Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru 560029, India., Babu KG; Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru 560029, India., Lokanatha D; Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru 560029, India., Babu MS; Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru 560029, India., Lokesh KN; Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru 560029, India., Rajeev LK; Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru 560029, India., Rudresha AH; Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru 560029, India.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Ecancermedicalscience [Ecancermedicalscience] 2017 Jan 10; Vol. 11, pp. 712. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Jan 10 (Print Publication: 2017).
DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2017.712
Abstrakt: Background: Acute erythroid leukaemia (AEL) is a rare subtype of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), constituting <5% of all the cases of AML. The World Health Organization (WHO) in 2001 classified AEL into two types: (1) erythroid/myeloid leukaemia which required ≥50% erythroid precursors with ≥20% of the non-erythroid cells to be myeloid blasts and (2) pure erythroleukemia (pEL) with ≥80% erythroblasts. The WHO 2008 classification kept these subcategories, but made erythroleukemia a diagnosis of exclusion. There are very few studies on the clinico haematological and cytogenetic profile of this disease, considering the rarity of its occurrence and poor prognosis.
Materials and Methods: This study was done by retrospective analysis of data from 32 case files of patients diagnosed with AEL. Clinical details noted down were the demographic profile, peripheral blood smear details and bone marrow examination details: (1) blasts-erythroblasts and myeloblasts, (2) dysplasia in the cell lineages and (3) cytogenetic abnormalities.
Results: The most common presenting symptom was fever. Pancytopenia at presentation was seen in 81.25% of patients. Dysplasia was observed in bone marrow in 100% of erythroblasts and in 40% of myeloblasts in erythroid/myeloid subtype. In pure myeloid subtype, myeloid and megakaryocytic dysplasias were not obvious. Complex karyotype was noticed only in patients of pEL.
Conclusion: AEL is a rare group of heterogeneous diseases with many neoplastic and non-neoplastic conditions mimicking the diagnosis. The clinical presentation and cytogenetics are also non-specific, presenting additional challenges to the diagnosis.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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