Jumping exercise preserves bone mineral density and mechanical properties in osteopenic ovariectomized rats even following established osteopenia.

Autor: Okubo R; Department of Physiotherapy, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. rodrigo.okubo@udesc.br., Sanada LS; Department of Physiotherapy, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil., Castania VA; Department of Biomechanics, Medicine and Rehabilitation of Locomotor Apparatus, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, 3900 Bandeirantes Avenue, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil., Louzada MJ; Department of Animal Support, Production and Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Sao Paulo State University, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil., de Paula FJ; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil., Maffulli N; Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy.; Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Mile End Hospital, 275 Bancroft Road, London, England, E1 4DG, UK., Shimano AC; Department of Biomechanics, Medicine and Rehabilitation of Locomotor Apparatus, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, 3900 Bandeirantes Avenue, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA [Osteoporos Int] 2017 Apr; Vol. 28 (4), pp. 1461-1471. Date of Electronic Publication: 2017 Jan 26.
DOI: 10.1007/s00198-017-3905-7
Abstrakt: The effects of jump training on bone structure before and after ovariectomy-induced osteopenia in rats were investigated. Jumping exercise induced favorable changes in bone mineral density, bone mechanical properties, and bone formation/resorption markers. This exercise is effective to prevent bone loss after ovariectomy even when osteopenia is already established.
Introduction: The present study investigated the effects of jump training on bone structure before and after ovariectomy-induced osteopenia in 80 10-week-old Wistar rats.
Methods: Forty rats (prevention program) were randomly allocated to one of four equal groups (n = 10): sham-operated sedentary (SHAM-SEDp), ovariectomized (OVX) sedentary (OVX-SEDp), sham-operated exercised (SHAM-EXp), and OVX exercised (OVX-EXp). SHAM-EXp and OVX-EXp animals began training 3 days after surgery. Another 40 rats (treatment program) were randomly allocated into another four groups (n = 10): sham-operated sedentary (SHAM-SEDt), OVX sedentary (OVX-SEDt), sham-operated exercised (SHAM-EXt), and OVX exercised (OVX-EXt). SHAM-EXt and OVX-EXt animals began training 60 days after surgery. The rats in the exercised groups jumped 20 times/day, 5 days/week, to a height of 40 cm for 12 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, serum osteocalcin, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) dosage, dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), histomorphometry, and biomechanical tests were analyzed.
Results: The OVX groups showed higher values of FSH and body weight (p < 0.05). DXA showed that jump training significantly increased bone mineral density of the femur and fifth lumbar vertebra (p < 0.05). The stiffness of the left femur and fifth lumbar vertebra in the exercised groups was greater than that of the sedentary groups (p < 0.05). Ovariectomy induced significant difference in bone volume (BV/TV, percent), trabecular separation (Tb.Sp, micrometer), and trabecular number (Tb.N, per millimeter) (p < 0.05) compared to sham operation. Jump training in the OVX group induced significant differences in BV/TV, Tb.Sp, and Tb.N and decreased osteoblast number per bone perimeter (p < 0.05) compared with OVX nontraining, in the prevention groups. Osteocalcin dosage showed higher values in the exercised groups (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: Jumping exercise induced favorable changes in bone mineral density, bone mechanical properties, and bone formation/resorption markers. Jump training is effective to prevent bone loss after ovariectomy even when osteopenia is already established.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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