Effectiveness of traffic-related elements in tree bark and pollen abortion rates for assessing air pollution exposure on respiratory mortality rates.

Autor: Carvalho-Oliveira R; School of Medicine at Sao Paulo University (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; National Institute for Integrated Analysis of Environmental Risk (INAIRA), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: regiani@usp.br., Amato-Lourenço LF; School of Medicine at Sao Paulo University (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; National Institute for Integrated Analysis of Environmental Risk (INAIRA), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil., Moreira TC; School of Medicine at Sao Paulo University (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; National Institute for Integrated Analysis of Environmental Risk (INAIRA), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil., Silva DR; School of Medicine at Sao Paulo University (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; National Institute for Integrated Analysis of Environmental Risk (INAIRA), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil., Vieira BD; School of Medicine at Sao Paulo University (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; National Institute for Integrated Analysis of Environmental Risk (INAIRA), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil., Mauad T; School of Medicine at Sao Paulo University (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; National Institute for Integrated Analysis of Environmental Risk (INAIRA), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil., Saiki M; National Institute for Integrated Analysis of Environmental Risk (INAIRA), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; Nuclear and Energy Research Institute (IPEN-CNEN/SP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil., Saldiva PH; School of Medicine at Sao Paulo University (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; National Institute for Integrated Analysis of Environmental Risk (INAIRA), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Environment international [Environ Int] 2017 Feb; Vol. 99, pp. 161-169. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Nov 17.
DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.09.008
Abstrakt: The majority of epidemiological studies correlate the cardiorespiratory effects of air pollution exposure by considering the concentrations of pollutants measured from conventional monitoring networks. The conventional air quality monitoring methods are expensive, and their data are insufficient for providing good spatial resolution. We hypothesized that bioassays using plants could effectively determine pollutant gradients, thus helping to assess the risks associated with air pollution exposure. The study regions were determined from different prevalent respiratory death distributions in the Sao Paulo municipality. Samples of tree flower buds were collected from twelve sites in four regional districts. The genotoxic effects caused by air pollution were tested through a pollen abortion bioassay. Elements derived from vehicular traffic that accumulated in tree barks were determined using energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (EDXRF). Mortality data were collected from the mortality information program of Sao Paulo City. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to the concentrations of elements accumulated in tree barks. Pearson correlation and exponential regression were performed considering the elements, pollen abortion rates and mortality data. PCA identified five factors, of which four represented elements related to vehicular traffic. The elements Al, S, Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn showed a strong correlation with mortality rates (R 2 >0.87) and pollen abortion rates (R 2 >0.82). These results demonstrate that tree barks and pollen abortion rates allow for correlations between vehicular traffic emissions and associated outcomes such as genotoxic effects and mortality data.
(Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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