Nucleic acid sensing and innate immunity: signaling pathways controlling viral pathogenesis and autoimmunity.

Autor: Ahlers LR; School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, 100 Dairy Rd., Biotechnology/Life Sciences Rm. 135, Pullman, WA 99164; Protein Biotechnology Graduate Training Program, Washington State University, 100 Dairy Rd., Biotechnology/Life Sciences Rm. 135, Pullman, WA 99164., Goodman AG; School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, 100 Dairy Rd., Biotechnology/Life Sciences Rm. 135, Pullman, WA 99164.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Current clinical microbiology reports [Curr Clin Microbiol Rep] 2016 Sep; Vol. 3 (3), pp. 132-141. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Jun 29.
DOI: 10.1007/s40588-016-0043-5
Abstrakt: Innate immunity refers to the body's initial response to curb infection upon exposure to invading organisms. While the detection of pathogen-associated molecules is an ancient form of host defense, if dysfunctional, autoimmune disease may result. The innate immune response during pathogenic infection is initiated through the activation of receptors recognizing conserved molecular patterns, such as nucleic acids from a virus' genome or replicative cycle. Additionally, the host's own nucleic acids are capable of activating an immune response. Therefore, it follows that the nucleic acid-sensing pathways must be tightly controlled to avoid an autoimmune response from recognition of self, yet still be unimpeded to respond to viral infections. In this review, we will describe the nucleic acid sensing pathways and how they respond to virus infection. Moreover, we will discuss autoimmune diseases that develop when these pathways fail to signal properly and identify knowledge gaps that are prime for interrogation.
Competing Interests: Laura Ahlers and Alan Goodman declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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