Invertebrate Iridescent Virus 6, a DNA Virus, Stimulates a Mammalian Innate Immune Response through RIG-I-Like Receptors.

Autor: Ahlers LR; School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America.; NIH Protein Biotechnology Graduate Training Program, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America., Bastos RG; School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America., Hiroyasu A; School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America., Goodman AG; School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2016 Nov 08; Vol. 11 (11), pp. e0166088. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Nov 08 (Print Publication: 2016).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166088
Abstrakt: Insects are not only major vectors of mammalian viruses, but are also host to insect-restricted viruses that can potentially be transmitted to mammals. While mammalian innate immune responses to arboviruses are well studied, less is known about how mammalian cells respond to viruses that are restricted to infect only invertebrates. Here we demonstrate that IIV-6, a DNA virus of the family Iridoviridae, is able to induce a type I interferon-dependent antiviral immune response in mammalian cells. Although IIV-6 is a DNA virus, we demonstrate that the immune response activated during IIV-6 infection is mediated by the RIG-I-like receptor (RLR) pathway, and not the canonical DNA sensing pathway via cGAS/STING. We further show that RNA polymerase III is required for maximal IFN-β secretion, suggesting that viral DNA is transcribed by this enzyme into an RNA species capable of activating the RLR pathway. Finally, we demonstrate that the RLR-driven mammalian innate immune response to IIV-6 is functionally capable of protecting cells from subsequent infection with the arboviruses Vesicular Stomatitis virus and Kunjin virus. These results represent a novel example of an invertebrate DNA virus activating a canonically RNA sensing pathway in the mammalian innate immune response, which reduces viral load of ensuing arboviral infection.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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