Regulation and roles of the hyaluronan system in mammalian reproduction.

Autor:	Fouladi-Nashta AA; Royal Veterinary CollegeReproduction Research Group, Hawkshead Campus, Hatfield, UK afouladi@rvc.ac.uk., Raheem KA; Royal Veterinary CollegeReproduction Research Group, Hawkshead Campus, Hatfield, UK.; Department of Veterinary Surgery and TheriogenologyMichael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria., Marei WF; Royal Veterinary CollegeReproduction Research Group, Hawkshead Campus, Hatfield, UK.; Department of TheriogenologyFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt., Ghafari F; Royal Veterinary CollegeReproduction Research Group, Hawkshead Campus, Hatfield, UK., Hartshorne GM; Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick, Coventry, UK and Centre for Reproductive Medicine, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Reproduction (Cambridge, England) [Reproduction] 2017 Feb; Vol. 153 (2), pp. R43-R58. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Oct 31.
DOI:	10.1530/REP-16-0240
Abstrakt:	Hyaluronan (HA) is a non-sulphated glycosaminoglycan polymer naturally occurring in many tissues and fluids of mammals, including the reproductive system. Its biosynthesis by HA synthase (HAS1-3) and catabolism by hyaluronidases (HYALs) are affected by ovarian steroid hormones. Depending upon its molecular size, HA functions both as a structural component of tissues in the form of high-molecular-weight HA or as a signalling molecule in the form of small HA molecules or HA fragments with effects mediated through interaction with its specific cell-membrane receptors. HA is produced by oocytes and embryos and in various segments of the reproductive system. This review provides information about the expression and function of members of the HA system, including HAS, HYALs and HA receptors. We examine their role in various processes from folliculogenesis through oocyte maturation, fertilisation and early embryo development, to pregnancy and cervical dilation, as well as its application in assisted reproduction technologies. Particular emphasis has been placed upon the role of the HA system in pre-implantation embryo development and embryo implantation, for which we propose a hypothetical sequential model. (© 2017 Society for Reproduction and Fertility.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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