Adaptation and fallibility in experts' judgments of novice performers.
| Autor: | Larson JS; Department of Marketing and Global Supply Chain, Marriott School of Management, Brigham Young University., Billeter DM; Department of Marketing and Global Supply Chain, Marriott School of Management, Brigham Young University. |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Zdroj: | Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition [J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn] 2017 Feb; Vol. 43 (2), pp. 271-288. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Oct 06. |
| DOI: | 10.1037/xlm0000304 |
| Abstrakt: | Competition judges are often selected for their expertise, under the belief that a high level of performance expertise should enable accurate judgments of the competitors. Contrary to this assumption, we find evidence that expertise can reduce judgment accuracy. Adaptation level theory proposes that discriminatory capacity decreases with greater distance from one's adaptation level. Because experts' learning has produced an adaptation level close to ideal performance standards, they may be less able to discriminate among lower-level competitors. As a result, expertise increases judgment accuracy of high-level competitions but decreases judgment accuracy of low-level competitions. Additionally, we demonstrate that, consistent with an adaptation level theory account of expert judgment, experts systematically give more critical ratings than intermediates or novices. In summary, this work demonstrates a systematic change in human perception that occurs as task learning increases. (PsycINFO Database Record ((c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).) |
| Databáze: | MEDLINE |
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