Comparison of Very Low Energy Diet Products Available in Australia and How to Tailor Them to Optimise Protein Content for Younger and Older Adult Men and Women.

Autor:	Gibson AA; The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia. alice.gibson@sydney.edu.au.; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia. alice.gibson@sydney.edu.au., Franklin J; Metabolism & Obesity Services, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown 2050, Australia. janet.franklin@sswahs.nsw.gov.au., Pattinson AL; The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia. andrea.pattinson@sydney.edu.au.; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia. andrea.pattinson@sydney.edu.au., Cheng ZG; The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia. zche8565@uni.sydney.edu.au.; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia. zche8565@uni.sydney.edu.au., Samman S; Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand. samir.samman@otago.ac.nz.; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia. samir.samman@otago.ac.nz., Markovic TP; The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia. tania.markovic@sydney.edu.au.; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia. tania.markovic@sydney.edu.au.; Metabolism & Obesity Services, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown 2050, Australia. tania.markovic@sydney.edu.au., Sainsbury A; The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia. amanda.salis@sydney.edu.au.; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia. amanda.salis@sydney.edu.au.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) [Healthcare (Basel)] 2016 Sep 21; Vol. 4 (3). Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Sep 21.
DOI:	10.3390/healthcare4030071
Abstrakt:	Very low energy diets (VLED) are efficacious in inducing rapid weight loss but may not contain adequate macronutrients or micronutrients for individuals with varying nutritional requirements. Adequate protein intake during weight loss appears particularly important to help preserve fat free mass and control appetite, and low energy and carbohydrate content also contributes to appetite control. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the nutritional content (with a focus on protein), nutritional adequacy and cost of all commercially-available VLED brands in Australia. Nutritional content and cost were extracted and compared between brands and to the Recommended Dietary Intake (RDI) or adequate intake (AI) of macronutrients and micronutrients for men and women aged 19-70 years or >70 years. There was wide variability in the nutritional content, nutritional adequacy and cost of VLED brands. Most notably, even brands with the highest daily protein content, based on consuming three products/day (KicStart™ and Optislim(®), ~60 g/day), only met estimated protein requirements of the smallest and youngest women for whom a VLED would be indicated. Considering multiple options to optimise protein content, we propose that adding pure powdered protein is the most suitable option because it minimizes additional energy, carbohydrate and cost of VLEDs. Competing Interests: Prima Health Solutions, Sydney Australia, provided in-kind support in the form of below-cost KicStart™ VLED and a gift of associated adherence tools (shakers) for the TEMPO Diet Trial for which Amanda Sainsbury, Tania P. Markovic, Alice A. Gibson and Janet Franklin are investigators. Prima Health Solutions had no involvement in the design or analysis of the present research. This relationship with Prima Health Solutions was established after the most suitable product for the TEMPO Diet Trial had been determined. Alice A. Gibson has received payment for a lecture from the Pharmacy Guild of Australia. Janet Franklin has received payment from Eli Lilly, the Pharmacy Guild of Australia, Micare, iNova Pharmaceuticals and Novo Nordisk for seminar presentations about obesity. She consulted for Nestlé Nutrition (Optifast) Australia from 2005 to 2011. Amanda Sainsbury has received payment from Eli Lilly, the Pharmacy Guild of Australia, Novo Nordisk and the Dietitians Association of Australia for seminar presentations at conferences. She is also the author of The Don’t Go Hungry Diet (Bantam, Australia and New Zealand, 2007) and Don’t Go Hungry For Life (Bantam, Australia and New Zealand, 2011). Tania P. Markovic has received research grants for clinical trials funded by the Australian Egg Corporation, GlaxoSmithKline, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Roche Products, Weight Watchers and Zafgen. Tania P. Markovic acts as an advisory member to the Egg Nutrition Council, Nestlé Nutrition and Novo Nordisk, and has received payments for lectures from Novo Nordisk and Astra Zeneca.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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