Extracellular vesicles released by hepatocytes from gastric infusion model of alcoholic liver disease contain a MicroRNA barcode that can be detected in blood.

Autor: Eguchi A; Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA., Lazaro RG; Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis and Departments of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA., Wang J; Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis and Departments of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA., Kim J; Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA., Povero D; Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA., Willliams B; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA., Ho SB; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.; Department of Medicine, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA., Stärkel P; St. Luc University Hospital, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium., Schnabl B; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.; Department of Medicine, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA., Ohno-Machado L; Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA., Tsukamoto H; Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis and Departments of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.; Department of Veterans Affairs, Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA., Feldstein AE; Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) [Hepatology] 2017 Feb; Vol. 65 (2), pp. 475-490. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Nov 10.
DOI: 10.1002/hep.28838
Abstrakt: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released during cell stress, or demise, can contain a barcode of the cell origin, including specific microRNAs (miRNAs). Here, we tested the hypothesis that during early alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) development, hepatocytes (HCs) release EVs with an miRNA signature that can be measured in circulation. A time-course experiment showed that after 2 weeks of intragastric infusion, a time point that results in isolated steatosis, there was no increase of blood EVs. After 4 weeks of infusion, mice developed features of early ASH accompanied by a marked increase in the level of EVs in blood (P < 0.05), as well as in culture media of isolated HCs (P < 0.001) and hepatic macrophages (P < 0.001), with HCs being the predominant source of EVs. The transcriptome analysis of HC-EVs from ASH mice detected differentially expressed miRNAs, including nine significantly up-regulated and four significantly down-regulated miRNAs. Target prediction and pathway analyses of the up-regulated miRNAs identified 121 potential target genes involved in inflammatory and cancer pathways, such as nuclear factor kappa B, EGF, Wnt, and B-cell lymphoma 2. Three miRNAs, let7f, miR-29a, and miR-340, were increased in blood EVs from ASH mice (P < 0.05), but not in blood EVs from three other models of chronic liver injury, including bile duct ligation, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and obese mice, as well as EVs released from hepatocytes exposed to ethanol. Blood EV level (P < 0.01) and three miRNAs (P < 0.05) were significantly increased in patients with ambulatory mild ALD as compared to nonalcoholics.
Conclusion: Damaged hepatocytes from ASH mice are a key EV source with a specific miRNA cargo, which are specific for ASH-related liver injury. These findings uncover EVs as a potentially novel diagnostic for ASH. (Hepatology 2017;65:475-490).
(© 2016 by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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