Esophageal cancer: anatomic particularities, staging, and imaging techniques.
| Autor: | Encinas de la Iglesia J; Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Complejo Asistencial de Ávila, Ávila, España. Electronic address: javiencinas@yahoo.es., Corral de la Calle MA; Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Complejo Asistencial de Ávila, Ávila, España., Fernández Pérez GC; Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Valladolid, España., Ruano Pérez R; Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, España., Álvarez Delgado A; Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, España. |
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| Jazyk: | English; Spanish; Castilian |
| Zdroj: | Radiologia [Radiologia] 2016 Sep-Oct; Vol. 58 (5), pp. 352-65. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Jul 25. |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.rx.2016.06.004 |
| Abstrakt: | Cancer of the esophagus is a tumor with aggressive behavior that is usually diagnosed in advanced stages. The absence of serosa allows it to spread quickly to neighboring mediastinal structures, and an extensive lymphatic drainage network facilitates tumor spread even in early stages. The current TNM classification, harmonized with the classification for gastric cancer, provides new definitions for the anatomic classification, adds non-anatomic characteristics of the tumor, and includes tumors of the gastroesophageal junction. Combining endoscopic ultrasound, computed tomography, positron emission tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging provides greater accuracy in determining the initial clinical stage, and these imaging techniques play an essential role in the selection, planning, and evaluation of treatment. In this article, we review some particularities that explain the behavior of this tumor and we describe the current TNM staging system; furthermore, we discuss the different imaging tests available for its evaluation and include a diagnostic algorithm. (Copyright © 2016 SERAM. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.) |
| Databáze: | MEDLINE |
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