Changes over time in the prevalence of asthma, rhinitis and atopic eczema in adolescents from Taubaté, São Paulo, Brazil (2005-2012): Relationship with living near a heavily travelled highway.

Autor:	Toledo MF; Department of Medicine, University of Taubaté (UNITAU), Taubaté, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: maristellatol@ig.com.br., Saraiva-Romanholo BM; Experimental Therapeutic Laboratory I (LIM 20), Department of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; University City of Sao Paulo (UNICID), São Paulo, Brazil., Oliveira RC; Experimental Air Pollution Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil., Saldiva PH; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil., Silva LF; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil., Nascimento LF; Department of Medicine, University of Taubaté (UNITAU), Taubaté, São Paulo, Brazil., Solé D; Division of Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Escola Paulista de Medicina - Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Allergologia et immunopathologia [Allergol Immunopathol (Madr)] 2016 Sep-Oct; Vol. 44 (5), pp. 439-44. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Jul 07.
DOI:	10.1016/j.aller.2016.02.006
Abstrakt:	Background: The prevalence of allergic diseases is increasing. We evaluated temporal trends in the prevalence of asthma, rhinitis and eczema in adolescents (13-14 years) living in Taubaté, SP, Brazil (2005-2012) and assessed the relationship between these prevalences and the residential proximity to Presidente Dutra Highway (PDH, a heavily travelled highway). Methods: This cross-sectional study of adolescents (N=1039) from public and private schools was evaluated using the standard questionnaire of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) plus a question about their place of residence in relation to PDH. The data obtained were compared to the 2005 data using a chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. An analysis by groups consisting of two phases (two-step cluster) was used to evaluate the effect of living near PDH. Results: There was a lifetime increase in the prevalence of active asthma (15.3% vs. 20.4%, p=0.005) and physician-diagnosed asthma (6.8% vs. 9.2%, p=0.06) and a decrease in the symptoms of active rhinitis (36.6% vs. 18.5%) between 2005 and 2012. A high frequency of asthma and rhinitis (18.1% vs. 23.2%, respectively) was observed among adolescents living close or very close to PDH; furthermore, 85.6% of the adolescents without symptoms of asthma or rhinitis lived far from PDH. Conclusion: An increase in the prevalence of asthma and a decrease in the prevalence of rhinitis were observed during the studied period. Living near PDH was associated with higher rates of asthma, rhinitis, and eczema. (Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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