Benefits of commercial weight-loss programs on blood pressure and lipids: a systematic review.

Autor: Mehta AK; The Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA., Doshi RS; The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA., Chaudhry ZW; The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA., Jacobs DK; The University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA., Vakil RM; The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, USA., Lee CJ; The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA., Bleich SN; The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA., Clark JM; The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; The Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, Prevention, and Clinical Research, Baltimore, MD, USA., Gudzune KA; The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; The Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, Prevention, and Clinical Research, Baltimore, MD, USA. Electronic address: gudzune@jhu.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Preventive medicine [Prev Med] 2016 Sep; Vol. 90, pp. 86-99. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Jun 30.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.06.028
Abstrakt: Our objective was to compare the effect of commercial weight-loss programs on blood pressure and lipids to control/education or counseling among individuals with overweight/obesity. We conducted a systematic review by searching MEDLINE and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from inception to November 2014 and references identified by the programs. We included randomized, controlled trials ≥12weeks in duration. Two reviewers extracted information on study design, interventions, and mean change in systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), triglycerides, and total cholesterol and assessed risk of bias. We included 27 trials. Participants' blood pressure and lipids were normal at baseline in most trials. At 12months, Weight Watchers showed little change in blood pressure or lipid outcomes as compared to control/education (2 trials). At 12months, Atkins' participants had higher HDL-c and lower triglycerides than counseling (4 trials). Other programs had inconsistent effects or lacked long-term studies. Risk of bias was high for most trials of all programs. In conclusion, limited data exist regarding most commercial weight-loss programs' long-term effects on blood pressure and lipids. Clinicians should be aware that Weight Watchers has limited data that demonstrate CVD risk factor benefits relative to control/education. Atkins may be a reasonable option for patients with dyslipidemia. Additional well-designed, long-term trials are needed to confirm these conclusions and evaluate other commercial programs.
Competing Interests: The authors have no personal conflicts of interest relevant to this article to disclose. Johns Hopkins University has an institutional consulting agreement with Healthways, Inc, which includes activities such as monitoring Innergy™, an employer-based commercial weight-loss intervention. Johns Hopkins receives fees for these services and royalty on the sales of this program.
(Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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