Adolescent Alcohol Exposure: Burden of Epigenetic Reprogramming, Synaptic Remodeling, and Adult Psychopathology.

Autor:	Kyzar EJ; Department of Psychiatry, Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, University of Illinois at ChicagoChicago, IL, USA; Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical CenterChicago, IL, USA., Floreani C; Department of Psychiatry, Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, University of Illinois at ChicagoChicago, IL, USA; Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical CenterChicago, IL, USA., Teppen TL; Department of Psychiatry, Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, University of Illinois at ChicagoChicago, IL, USA; Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical CenterChicago, IL, USA., Pandey SC; Department of Psychiatry, Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, University of Illinois at ChicagoChicago, IL, USA; Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical CenterChicago, IL, USA; Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at ChicagoChicago, IL, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in neuroscience [Front Neurosci] 2016 May 31; Vol. 10, pp. 222. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 May 31 (Print Publication: 2016).
DOI:	10.3389/fnins.2016.00222
Abstrakt:	Adolescence represents a crucial phase of synaptic maturation characterized by molecular changes in the developing brain that shape normal behavioral patterns. Epigenetic mechanisms play an important role in these neuromaturation processes. Perturbations of normal epigenetic programming during adolescence by ethanol can disrupt these molecular events, leading to synaptic remodeling and abnormal adult behaviors. Repeated exposure to binge levels of alcohol increases the risk for alcohol use disorder (AUD) and comorbid psychopathology including anxiety in adulthood. Recent studies in the field clearly suggest that adolescent alcohol exposure causes widespread and persistent changes in epigenetic, neurotrophic, and neuroimmune pathways in the brain. These changes are manifested by altered synaptic remodeling and neurogenesis in key brain regions leading to adult psychopathology such as anxiety and alcoholism. This review details the molecular mechanisms underlying adolescent alcohol exposure-induced changes in synaptic plasticity and the development of alcohol addiction-related phenotypes in adulthood.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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