The microbiota and immune response during Clostridium difficile infection.

Autor: Buonomo EL; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer, University of Virginia Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA. Electronic address: elb3ea@virginia.edu., Petri WA Jr; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer, University of Virginia Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, USA. Electronic address: wap3g@virginia.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Anaerobe [Anaerobe] 2016 Oct; Vol. 41, pp. 79-84. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 May 20.
DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2016.05.009
Abstrakt: Clostridium difficile is a gram-positive, spore forming anaerobe that infects the gut when the normal microbiota has been disrupted. C. difficile infection (CDI) is the most common cause of hospital acquired infection in the United States, and the leading cause of death due to gastroenteritis. Patients suffering from CDI have varying symptoms which range from mild diarrhea to pseudomembranous colitis and death. The involvement of the immune response to influence disease severity is just beginning to be investigated. There is evidence that the immune response can facilitate either protective or pathogenic phenotypes, suggesting it plays a multifaceted role during CDI. In addition to the immune response, the microbiota is pivotal in dictating the pathogenesis to CDI. A healthy microbiota effectively inhibits infection by restricting the ability of C. difficile to expand in the colon. Thus, understanding which immune mediators and components of the microbiota play beneficial roles during CDI will be important to future therapeutic developments. This review outlines how the microbiota can modulate specific immune mediators, such as IL-23 and others, to influence disease outcome.
(Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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