Trachoma in Indigenous Settlements in Brazil, 2000-2008.

Autor: Freitas HS; a Trachoma Control Program , Ministry of Health , Brazil., Medina NH; b Sanitary Ophthalmology Center, Epidemiology Surveillance Center , São Paulo State Health Secretariat , Brazil., Lopes MF; a Trachoma Control Program , Ministry of Health , Brazil., Soares OE; a Trachoma Control Program , Ministry of Health , Brazil., Teodoro MT; c Rondônia State Health Secretariat , Brazil., Ramalho KR; d Ophthalmology Department , Minas Gerais State Health Secretariat , Brazil., Caligaris LS; e Ocular Health Program , São Paulo Municipality Health Secretariat , Brazil., Mörschbächer R; f Oculoplastics Department , Santa Casa de Misericórdia , Porto Alegre , Rio Grande do Sul State , Brazil., de Menezes MN; a Trachoma Control Program , Ministry of Health , Brazil., Luna EJ; g University of São Paulo , Brazil.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Ophthalmic epidemiology [Ophthalmic Epidemiol] 2016 Dec; Vol. 23 (6), pp. 354-359. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 May 04.
DOI: 10.3109/09286586.2015.1131305
Abstrakt: Purpose: Trachoma, caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis, is a chronic, recurrent inflammatory disease that affects the cornea and conjunctiva. Trachoma is the leading infectious cause of avoidable blindness worldwide. Its prevalence is higher among individuals of low socioeconomic status, and trachoma is common in indigenous communities. The present study presents aspects of the epidemiological profile of trachoma in indigenous communities in Brazil.
Methods: We analyzed data from two databases collected during trachoma screening activities among the population of indigenous settlements in Brazil between 2000 and 2008. Trachoma cases were detected by ocular examination in accordance with the World Health Organization simplified trachoma grading system.
Results: According to the surveillance database, a total of 9582 individuals in six different states were examined. Among children aged 1-9 years, the prevalence of follicular trachomatous inflammation (TF) was 35.2%. In individuals aged ≥15 years, the prevalence of trachomatous trichiasis (TT) was 1.2% in individuals and the sex-specific prevalence was 0.8% in males and 1.6% in females (p = 0.02). In a survey of two states, 2301 indigenous schoolchildren were examined. In the age bracket 5-9 years, the prevalence of TF was 4.9 (95% confidence interval 3.8-6.0%).
Conclusion: In Brazil, trachoma appears to be a serious public health problem in indigenous settlements, which should therefore be given priority in programs aimed at the elimination of trachoma in the country.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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