Exercise during energy restriction mitigates bone loss but not alterations in estrogen status or metabolic hormones.

Autor: Metzger CE; Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA., Baek K; Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.; Department of Pharmacology, College of Dentistry and Research of Oral Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangwondo, Korea., Swift SN; Division of Dietary Supplement Programs, Federal Drug Administration, College Park, MD, USA.; Department of Nutrition & Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA., De Souza MJ; Departments of Kinesiology and Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA., Bloomfield SA; Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA. sbloom@tamu.edu.; Departments of Kinesiology and Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA. sbloom@tamu.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA [Osteoporos Int] 2016 Sep; Vol. 27 (9), pp. 2755-2764. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Apr 29.
DOI: 10.1007/s00198-016-3590-y
Abstrakt: Unlabelled: Energy restriction causes bone loss, increasing stress fracture risk. The impact of exercise during energy restriction on bone and endocrine factors is examined. Exercise with energy restriction did not influence endocrine factors, but did mitigate some bone loss seen with energy restriction in sedentary rats.
Introduction: Chronic dietary energy restriction (ER) leads to bone loss and increased fracture risk. Strictly controlled trials of long-term ER with and without vigorous exercise are required to determine whether exercise loading can counterbalance ER-induced bone loss. The aim of this current project is to elucidate the impact of exercise and ER on bone mass, estrogen status, and metabolic hormones.
Methods: Twenty-four virgin female Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 8/group) were divided into three groups-ad libitum fed + exercise (Adlib + EX), 40 % energy restricted + exercise (ER + EX), and 40 % energy restricted + sedentary (ER + SED). Energy availability between ER groups was equal. Treadmill running was performed 4 days/week at 70 % VO2max for 12 weeks.
Results: Fat and lean mass and areal bone mineral density (aBMD) were lower after 12 weeks (p < 0.05) for ER + EX vs Adlib + EX, but ER + EX aBMD was higher than ER + SED (p < 0.0001). Serum leptin and a urinary estrogen metabolite, estrone-1-glucuronide (E1G), were lower at week 12 (p = 0.0002) with ER, with no impact of exercise. Serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) declined (p = 0.02) from baseline to week 12 in both ER groups. ER + EX exhibited higher cortical volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) at the midshaft tibia (p = 0.006) vs ER + SED.
Conclusion: Exercise during ER mitigated some, but not all, of the bone loss observed in sedentary ER rats, but had little impact on changes in urinary E1G and serum IGF-I and leptin. These data highlight the importance of both adequate energy intake and the mechanical loading of exercise in maintaining bone mass.
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: