Cellular plasticity in the adult liver and stomach.

Autor: Aloia L; Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK - Gurdon Institute, Henry Wellcome Building of Cancer and Developmental Biology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK., McKie MA; Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK - Gurdon Institute, Henry Wellcome Building of Cancer and Developmental Biology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK.; Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3DY, UK., Huch M; Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK - Gurdon Institute, Henry Wellcome Building of Cancer and Developmental Biology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK.; Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Gleeson Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QR, UK.; Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3DY, UK.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The Journal of physiology [J Physiol] 2016 Sep 01; Vol. 594 (17), pp. 4815-25. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 May 10.
DOI: 10.1113/JP271769
Abstrakt: Adult tissues maintain function and architecture through robust homeostatic mechanisms mediated by self-renewing cells capable of generating all resident cell types. However, severe injury can challenge the regeneration potential of such a stem/progenitor compartment. Indeed, upon injury adult tissues can exhibit massive cellular plasticity in order to achieve proper tissue regeneration, circumventing an impaired stem/progenitor compartment. Several examples of such plasticity have been reported in both rapidly and slowly self-renewing organs and follow conserved mechanisms. Upon loss of the cellular compartment responsible for maintaining homeostasis, quiescent or slowly proliferating stem/progenitor cells can acquire high proliferation potential and turn into active stem cells, or, alternatively, mature cells can de-differentiate into stem-like cells or re-enter the cell cycle to compensate for the tissue loss. This extensive cellular plasticity acts as a key mechanism to respond to multiple stimuli in a context-dependent manner, enabling tissue regeneration in a robust fashion. In this review cellular plasticity in the adult liver and stomach will be examined, highlighting the diverse cell populations capable of repairing the damaged tissue.
(© 2016 The Authors. The Journal of Physiology © 2016 The Physiological Society.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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