Global patterns and substrate-based mechanisms of the terrestrial nitrogen cycle.

Autor: Niu S; Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China., Classen AT; The Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100, København Ø, Denmark., Dukes JS; Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue Climate Change Research Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA., Kardol P; Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, S 90-183, Umeå, Sweden., Liu L; State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environment Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China., Luo Y; Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA., Rustad L; U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Durham, NH, USA., Sun J; Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China., Tang J; The Ecosystem Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA, USA., Templer PH; Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA., Thomas RQ; Department of Forest Resources & Environmental Conservation, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA., Tian D; Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China., Vicca S; Research Group of Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, B-2610, Wilrijk, Belgium., Wang YP; CSIRO Ocean and Atmosphere, PMB 1, Aspendale, Victoria, 3195, Australia., Xia J; Tiantong National Station of Forest Ecosystem &School of Ecological and Enivronmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.; Research Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China., Zaehle S; Biogeochemical Integration Department, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans-Knöll-Str. 10, D-07745, Jena, Germany.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Ecology letters [Ecol Lett] 2016 Jun; Vol. 19 (6), pp. 697-709. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Mar 02.
DOI: 10.1111/ele.12591
Abstrakt: Nitrogen (N) deposition is impacting the services that ecosystems provide to humanity. However, the mechanisms determining impacts on the N cycle are not fully understood. To explore the mechanistic underpinnings of N impacts on N cycle processes, we reviewed and synthesised recent progress in ecosystem N research through empirical studies, conceptual analysis and model simulations. Experimental and observational studies have revealed that the stimulation of plant N uptake and soil retention generally diminishes as N loading increases, while dissolved and gaseous losses of N occur at low N availability but increase exponentially and become the dominant fate of N at high loading rates. The original N saturation hypothesis emphasises sequential N saturation from plant uptake to soil retention before N losses occur. However, biogeochemical models that simulate simultaneous competition for soil N substrates by multiple processes match the observed patterns of N losses better than models based on sequential competition. To enable better prediction of terrestrial N cycle responses to N loading, we recommend that future research identifies the response functions of different N processes to substrate availability using manipulative experiments, and incorporates the measured N saturation response functions into conceptual, theoretical and quantitative analyses.
(© 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd/CNRS.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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