Lower verbal intelligence is associated with diabetic complications and slower walking speed in people with Type 2 diabetes: the Maastricht Study.

Autor: Spauwen PJ; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Alzheimer Centre Limburg, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands., Martens RJ; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.; School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands., Stehouwer CD; Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.; Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands., Verhey FR; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Alzheimer Centre Limburg, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands., Schram MT; Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.; Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands., Sep SJ; Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.; Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands., van der Kallen CJ; Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.; Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands., Dagnelie PC; Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.; School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.; Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands., Henry RM; Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.; Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands., Schaper NC; Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.; Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands., van Boxtel MP; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Alzheimer Centre Limburg, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association [Diabet Med] 2016 Dec; Vol. 33 (12), pp. 1632-1639. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Mar 25.
DOI: 10.1111/dme.13105
Abstrakt: Aims: To determine the association of verbal intelligence, a core constituent of health literacy, with diabetic complications and walking speed in people with Type 2 diabetes.
Methods: This study was performed in 228 people with Type 2 diabetes participating in the Maastricht Study, a population-based cohort study. We examined the cross-sectional associations of score on the vocabulary test of the Groningen Intelligence Test with: 1) determinants of diabetic complications (HbA 1c , blood pressure and lipid level); 2) diabetic complications: chronic kidney disease, neuropathic pain, self-reported history of cardiovascular disease and carotid intima-media thickness; and 3) walking speed. Analyses were performed using linear regression and adjusted in separate models for potential confounders and mediators. Significant age- and sex-adjusted associations were additionally adjusted for educational level in a separate model.
Results: After full adjustment, lower verbal intelligence was associated with the presence of neuropathic pain [odds ratio (OR) 1.18, 95% CI 1.02;1.36], cardiovascular disease (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.01;1.30), and slower walking speed (regression coefficient -0.011 m/s, 95% CI -0.021; -0.002 m/s). These associations were largely explained by education. Verbal intelligence was not associated with blood pressure, glycaemic control, lipid control, chronic kidney disease or carotid intima-media thickness.
Conclusions: Lower verbal intelligence was associated with the presence of some diabetic complications and with a slower walking speed, a measure of physical functioning. Educational level largely explained these associations. This implies that clinicians should be aware of the educational level of people with diabetes and should provide information at a level of complexity tailored to the patient.
(© 2016 Diabetes UK.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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